<?php

include dirname(__FILE__) . '/Compilation/Exception.php';

/**
 * default dwoo compiler class, compiles dwoo templates into php
 *
 * This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied warranty.
 * In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages arising from the use of this software.
 *
 * @author     Jordi Boggiano <j.boggiano@seld.be>
 * @copyright  Copyright (c) 2008, Jordi Boggiano
 * @license    http://dwoo.org/LICENSE   Modified BSD License
 * @link       http://dwoo.org/
 * @version    1.1.0
 * @date       2009-07-18
 * @package    Dwoo
 */
class Dwoo_Compiler implements Dwoo_ICompiler
{
	/**
	 * constant that represents a php opening tag
	 *
	 * use it in case it needs to be adjusted
	 *
	 * @var string
	 */
	const PHP_OPEN = "<?php ";

	/**
	 * constant that represents a php closing tag
	 *
	 * use it in case it needs to be adjusted
	 *
	 * @var string
	 */
	const PHP_CLOSE = "?>";

	/**
	 * boolean flag to enable or disable debugging output
	 *
	 * @var bool
	 */
	public $debug = false;

	/**
	 * left script delimiter
	 *
	 * @var string
	 */
	protected $ld = '{';

	/**
	 * left script delimiter with escaped regex meta characters
	 *
	 * @var string
	 */
	protected $ldr = '\\{';

	/**
	 * right script delimiter
	 *
	 * @var string
	 */
	protected $rd = '}';

	/**
	 * right script delimiter with escaped regex meta characters
	 *
	 * @var string
	 */
	protected $rdr = '\\}';

	/**
	 * defines whether the nested comments should be parsed as nested or not
	 *
	 * defaults to false (classic block comment parsing as in all languages)
	 *
	 * @var bool
	 */
	protected $allowNestedComments = false;

	/**
	 * defines whether opening and closing tags can contain spaces before valid data or not
	 *
	 * turn to true if you want to be sloppy with the syntax, but when set to false it allows
	 * to skip javascript and css tags as long as they are in the form "{ something", which is
	 * nice. default is false.
	 *
	 * @var bool
	 */
	protected $allowLooseOpenings = false;

	/**
	 * defines whether the compiler will automatically html-escape variables or not
	 *
	 * default is false
	 *
	 * @var bool
	 */
	protected $autoEscape = false;

	/**
	 * security policy object
	 *
	 * @var Dwoo_Security_Policy
	 */
	protected $securityPolicy;

	/**
	 * stores the custom plugins registered with this compiler
	 *
	 * @var array
	 */
	protected $customPlugins = array();

	/**
	 * stores the template plugins registered with this compiler
	 *
	 * @var array
	 */
	protected $templatePlugins = array();

	/**
	 * stores the pre- and post-processors callbacks
	 *
	 * @var array
	 */
	protected $processors = array('pre'=>array(), 'post'=>array());

	/**
	 * stores a list of plugins that are used in the currently compiled
	 * template, and that are not compilable. these plugins will be loaded
	 * during the template's runtime if required.
	 *
	 * it is a 1D array formatted as key:pluginName value:pluginType
	 *
	 * @var array
	 */
	protected $usedPlugins;

	/**
	 * stores the template undergoing compilation
	 *
	 * @var string
	 */
	protected $template;

	/**
	 * stores the current pointer position inside the template
	 *
	 * @var int
	 */
	protected $pointer;

	/**
	 * stores the current line count inside the template for debugging purposes
	 *
	 * @var int
	 */
	protected $line;

	/**
	 * stores the current template source while compiling it
	 *
	 * @var string
	 */
	protected $templateSource;

	/**
	 * stores the data within which the scope moves
	 *
	 * @var array
	 */
	protected $data;

	/**
	 * variable scope of the compiler, set to null if
	 * it can not be resolved to a static string (i.e. if some
	 * plugin defines a new scope based on a variable array key)
	 *
	 * @var mixed
	 */
	protected $scope;

	/**
	 * variable scope tree, that allows to rebuild the current
	 * scope if required, i.e. when going to a parent level
	 *
	 * @var array
	 */
	protected $scopeTree;

	/**
	 * block plugins stack, accessible through some methods
	 *
	 * @see findBlock
	 * @see getCurrentBlock
	 * @see addBlock
	 * @see addCustomBlock
	 * @see injectBlock
	 * @see removeBlock
	 * @see removeTopBlock
	 *
	 * @var array
	 */
	protected $stack = array();

	/**
	 * current block at the top of the block plugins stack,
	 * accessible through getCurrentBlock
	 *
	 * @see getCurrentBlock
	 *
	 * @var Dwoo_Block_Plugin
	 */
	protected $curBlock;

	/**
	 * current dwoo object that uses this compiler, or null
	 *
	 * @var Dwoo
	 */
	protected $dwoo;

	/**
	 * holds an instance of this class, used by getInstance when you don't
	 * provide a custom compiler in order to save resources
	 *
	 * @var Dwoo_Compiler
	 */
	protected static $instance;

	/**
	 * constructor
	 *
	 * saves the created instance so that child templates get the same one
	 */
	public function __construct()
	{
		self::$instance = $this;
	}

	/**
	 * sets the delimiters to use in the templates
	 *
	 * delimiters can be multi-character strings but should not be one of those as they will
	 * make it very hard to work with templates or might even break the compiler entirely : "\", "$", "|", ":" and finally "#" only if you intend to use config-vars with the #var# syntax.
	 *
	 * @param string $left left delimiter
	 * @param string $right right delimiter
	 */
	public function setDelimiters($left, $right)
	{
		$this->ld = $left;
		$this->rd = $right;
		$this->ldr = preg_quote($left, '/');
		$this->rdr = preg_quote($right, '/');
	}

	/**
	 * returns the left and right template delimiters
	 *
	 * @return array containing the left and the right delimiters
	 */
	public function getDelimiters()
	{
		return array($this->ld, $this->rd);
	}

	/**
	 * sets the way to handle nested comments, if set to true
	 * {* foo {* some other *} comment *} will be stripped correctly.
	 *
	 * if false it will remove {* foo {* some other *} and leave "comment *}" alone,
	 * this is the default behavior
	 *
	 * @param bool $allow allow nested comments or not, defaults to true (but the default internal value is false)
	 */
	public function setNestedCommentsHandling($allow = true) {
		$this->allowNestedComments = (bool) $allow;
	}

	/**
	 * returns the nested comments handling setting
	 *
	 * @see setNestedCommentsHandling
	 * @return bool true if nested comments are allowed
	 */
	public function getNestedCommentsHandling() {
		return $this->allowNestedComments;
	}

	/**
	 * sets the tag openings handling strictness, if set to true, template tags can
	 * contain spaces before the first function/string/variable such as { $foo} is valid.
	 *
	 * if set to false (default setting), { $foo} is invalid but that is however a good thing
	 * as it allows css (i.e. #foo { color:red; }) to be parsed silently without triggering
	 * an error, same goes for javascript.
	 *
	 * @param bool $allow true to allow loose handling, false to restore default setting
	 */
	public function setLooseOpeningHandling($allow = false)
	{
		$this->allowLooseOpenings = (bool) $allow;
	}

	/**
	 * returns the tag openings handling strictness setting
	 *
	 * @see setLooseOpeningHandling
	 * @return bool true if loose tags are allowed
	 */
	public function getLooseOpeningHandling()
	{
		return $this->allowLooseOpenings;
	}

	/**
	 * changes the auto escape setting
	 *
	 * if enabled, the compiler will automatically html-escape variables,
	 * unless they are passed through the safe function such as {$var|safe}
	 * or {safe $var}
	 *
	 * default setting is disabled/false
	 *
	 * @param bool $enabled set to true to enable, false to disable
	 */
	public function setAutoEscape($enabled)
	{
		$this->autoEscape = (bool) $enabled;
	}

	/**
	 * returns the auto escape setting
	 *
	 * default setting is disabled/false
	 *
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function getAutoEscape()
	{
		return $this->autoEscape;
	}

	/**
	 * adds a preprocessor to the compiler, it will be called
	 * before the template is compiled
	 *
	 * @param mixed $callback either a valid callback to the preprocessor or a simple name if the autoload is set to true
	 * @param bool $autoload if set to true, the preprocessor is auto-loaded from one of the plugin directories, else you must provide a valid callback
	 */
	public function addPreProcessor($callback, $autoload = false)
	{
		if ($autoload) {
			$name = str_replace('Dwoo_Processor_', '', $callback);
			$class = 'Dwoo_Processor_'.$name;

			if (class_exists($class, false)) {
				$callback = array(new $class($this), 'process');
			} elseif (function_exists($class)) {
				$callback = $class;
			} else {
				$callback = array('autoload'=>true, 'class'=>$class, 'name'=>$name);
			}

			$this->processors['pre'][] = $callback;
		} else {
			$this->processors['pre'][] = $callback;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * removes a preprocessor from the compiler
	 *
	 * @param mixed $callback either a valid callback to the preprocessor or a simple name if it was autoloaded
	 */
	public function removePreProcessor($callback)
	{
		if (($index = array_search($callback, $this->processors['pre'], true)) !== false) {
			unset($this->processors['pre'][$index]);
		} elseif (($index = array_search('Dwoo_Processor_'.str_replace('Dwoo_Processor_', '', $callback), $this->processors['pre'], true)) !== false) {
			unset($this->processors['pre'][$index]);
		} else {
			$class = 'Dwoo_Processor_' . str_replace('Dwoo_Processor_', '', $callback);
			foreach ($this->processors['pre'] as $index=>$proc) {
				if (is_array($proc) && ($proc[0] instanceof $class) || (isset($proc['class']) && $proc['class'] == $class)) {
					unset($this->processors['pre'][$index]);
					break;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * adds a postprocessor to the compiler, it will be called
	 * before the template is compiled
	 *
	 * @param mixed $callback either a valid callback to the postprocessor or a simple name if the autoload is set to true
	 * @param bool $autoload if set to true, the postprocessor is auto-loaded from one of the plugin directories, else you must provide a valid callback
	 */
	public function addPostProcessor($callback, $autoload = false)
	{
		if ($autoload) {
			$name = str_replace('Dwoo_Processor_', '', $callback);
			$class = 'Dwoo_Processor_'.$name;

			if (class_exists($class, false)) {
				$callback = array(new $class($this), 'process');
			} elseif (function_exists($class)) {
				$callback = $class;
			} else {
				$callback = array('autoload'=>true, 'class'=>$class, 'name'=>$name);
			}

			$this->processors['post'][] = $callback;
		} else {
			$this->processors['post'][] = $callback;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * removes a postprocessor from the compiler
	 *
	 * @param mixed $callback either a valid callback to the postprocessor or a simple name if it was autoloaded
	 */
	public function removePostProcessor($callback)
	{
		if (($index = array_search($callback, $this->processors['post'], true)) !== false) {
			unset($this->processors['post'][$index]);
		} elseif (($index = array_search('Dwoo_Processor_'.str_replace('Dwoo_Processor_', '', $callback), $this->processors['post'], true)) !== false) {
			unset($this->processors['post'][$index]);
		} else	{
			$class = 'Dwoo_Processor_' . str_replace('Dwoo_Processor_', '', $callback);
			foreach ($this->processors['post'] as $index=>$proc) {
				if (is_array($proc) && ($proc[0] instanceof $class) || (isset($proc['class']) && $proc['class'] == $class)) {
					unset($this->processors['post'][$index]);
					break;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * internal function to autoload processors at runtime if required
	 *
	 * @param string $class the class/function name
	 * @param string $name the plugin name (without Dwoo_Plugin_ prefix)
	 */
	protected function loadProcessor($class, $name)
	{
		if (!class_exists($class, false) && !function_exists($class)) {
			try {
				$this->dwoo->getLoader()->loadPlugin($name);
			} catch (Dwoo_Exception $e) {
				throw new Dwoo_Exception('Processor '.$name.' could not be found in your plugin directories, please ensure it is in a file named '.$name.'.php in the plugin directory');
			}
		}

		if (class_exists($class, false)) {
			return array(new $class($this), 'process');
		}

		if (function_exists($class)) {
			return $class;
		}

		throw new Dwoo_Exception('Wrong processor name, when using autoload the processor must be in one of your plugin dir as "name.php" containg a class or function named "Dwoo_Processor_name"');
	}

	/**
	 * adds an used plugin, this is reserved for use by the {template} plugin
	 *
	 * this is required so that plugin loading bubbles up from loaded
	 * template files to the current one
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param string $name function name
	 * @param int $type plugin type (Dwoo::*_PLUGIN)
	 */
	public function addUsedPlugin($name, $type)
	{
		$this->usedPlugins[$name] = $type;
	}

	/**
	 * returns all the plugins this template uses
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @return array the list of used plugins in the parsed template
	 */
	public function getUsedPlugins()
	{
		return $this->usedPlugins;
	}

	/**
	 * adds a template plugin, this is reserved for use by the {template} plugin
	 *
	 * this is required because the template functions are not declared yet
	 * during compilation, so we must have a way of validating their argument
	 * signature without using the reflection api
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param string $name function name
	 * @param array $params parameter array to help validate the function call
	 * @param string $uuid unique id of the function
	 * @param string $body function php code
	 */
	public function addTemplatePlugin($name, array $params, $uuid, $body = null)
	{
		$this->templatePlugins[$name] = array('params'=> $params, 'body' => $body, 'uuid' => $uuid);
	}

	/**
	 * returns all the parsed sub-templates
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @return array the parsed sub-templates
	 */
	public function getTemplatePlugins()
	{
		return $this->templatePlugins;
	}

	/**
	 * marks a template plugin as being called, which means its source must be included in the compiled template
	 *
	 * @param string $name function name
	 */
	public function useTemplatePlugin($name)
	{
		$this->templatePlugins[$name]['called'] = true;
	}

	/**
	 * adds the custom plugins loaded into Dwoo to the compiler so it can load them
	 *
	 * @see Dwoo::addPlugin
	 * @param array $customPlugins an array of custom plugins
	 */
	public function setCustomPlugins(array $customPlugins)
	{
		$this->customPlugins = $customPlugins;
	}

	/**
	 * sets the security policy object to enforce some php security settings
	 *
	 * use this if untrusted persons can modify templates,
	 * set it on the Dwoo object as it will be passed onto the compiler automatically
	 *
	 * @param Dwoo_Security_Policy $policy the security policy object
	 */
	public function setSecurityPolicy(Dwoo_Security_Policy $policy = null)
	{
		$this->securityPolicy = $policy;
	}

	/**
	 * returns the current security policy object or null by default
	 *
	 * @return Dwoo_Security_Policy|null the security policy object if any
	 */
	public function getSecurityPolicy()
	{
		return $this->securityPolicy;
	}

	/**
	 * sets the pointer position
	 *
	 * @param int $position the new pointer position
	 * @param bool $isOffset if set to true, the position acts as an offset and not an absolute position
	 */
	public function setPointer($position, $isOffset = false)
	{
		if ($isOffset) {
			$this->pointer += $position;
		} else {
			$this->pointer = $position;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * returns the current pointer position, only available during compilation of a template
	 *
	 * @return int
	 */
	public function getPointer()
	{
		return $this->pointer;
	}

	/**
	 * sets the line number
	 *
	 * @param int $number the new line number
	 * @param bool $isOffset if set to true, the position acts as an offset and not an absolute position
	 */
	public function setLine($number, $isOffset = false)
	{
		if ($isOffset) {
			$this->line += $number;
		} else {
			$this->line = $number;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * returns the current line number, only available during compilation of a template
	 *
	 * @return int
	 */
	public function getLine()
	{
		return $this->line;
	}

	/**
	 * returns the dwoo object that initiated this template compilation, only available during compilation of a template
	 *
	 * @return Dwoo
	 */
	public function getDwoo()
	{
		return $this->dwoo;
	}

	/**
	 * overwrites the template that is being compiled
	 *
	 * @param string $newSource the template source that must replace the current one
	 * @param bool $fromPointer if set to true, only the source from the current pointer position is replaced
	 * @return string the template or partial template
	 */
	public function setTemplateSource($newSource, $fromPointer = false)
	{
		if ($fromPointer === true) {
			$this->templateSource = substr($this->templateSource, 0, $this->pointer) . $newSource;
		} else {
			$this->templateSource = $newSource;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * returns the template that is being compiled
	 *
	 * @param mixed $fromPointer if set to true, only the source from the current pointer
	 * 							  position is returned, if a number is given it overrides the current pointer
	 * @return string the template or partial template
	 */
	public function getTemplateSource($fromPointer = false)
	{
		if ($fromPointer === true) {
			return substr($this->templateSource, $this->pointer);
		} elseif (is_numeric($fromPointer)) {
			return substr($this->templateSource, $fromPointer);
		} else {
			return $this->templateSource;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * resets the compilation pointer, effectively restarting the compilation process
	 *
	 * this is useful if a plugin modifies the template source since it might need to be recompiled
	 */
	public function recompile()
	{
		$this->setPointer(0);
	}

	/**
	 * compiles the provided string down to php code
	 *
	 * @param string $tpl the template to compile
	 * @return string a compiled php string
	 */
	public function compile(Dwoo $dwoo, Dwoo_ITemplate $template)
	{
		// init vars
		$tpl = $template->getSource();
		$ptr = 0;
		$this->dwoo = $dwoo;
		$this->template = $template;
		$this->templateSource =& $tpl;
		$this->pointer =& $ptr;

		while (true) {
			// if pointer is at the beginning, reset everything, that allows a plugin to externally reset the compiler if everything must be reparsed
			if ($ptr===0) {
				// resets variables
				$this->usedPlugins = array();
				$this->data = array();
				$this->scope =& $this->data;
				$this->scopeTree = array();
				$this->stack = array();
				$this->line = 1;
				$this->templatePlugins = array();
				// add top level block
				$compiled = $this->addBlock('topLevelBlock', array(), 0);
				$this->stack[0]['buffer'] = '';

				if ($this->debug) echo 'COMPILER INIT<br />';

				if ($this->debug) echo 'PROCESSING PREPROCESSORS ('.count($this->processors['pre']).')<br>';

				// runs preprocessors
				foreach ($this->processors['pre'] as $preProc) {
					if (is_array($preProc) && isset($preProc['autoload'])) {
						$preProc = $this->loadProcessor($preProc['class'], $preProc['name']);
					}
					if (is_array($preProc) && $preProc[0] instanceof Dwoo_Processor) {
						$tpl = call_user_func($preProc, $tpl);
					} else {
						$tpl = call_user_func($preProc, $this, $tpl);
					}
				}
				unset($preProc);

				// show template source if debug
				if ($this->debug) echo '<pre>'.print_r(htmlentities($tpl), true).'</pre><hr />';

				// strips php tags if required by the security policy
				if ($this->securityPolicy !== null) {
					$search = array('{<\?php.*?\?>}');
					if (ini_get('short_open_tags')) {
						$search = array('{<\?.*?\?>}', '{<%.*?%>}');
					}
					switch($this->securityPolicy->getPhpHandling()) {

					case Dwoo_Security_Policy::PHP_ALLOW:
						break;
					case Dwoo_Security_Policy::PHP_ENCODE:
						$tpl = preg_replace_callback($search, array($this, 'phpTagEncodingHelper'), $tpl);
						break;
					case Dwoo_Security_Policy::PHP_REMOVE:
						$tpl = preg_replace($search, '', $tpl);

					}
				}
			}

			$pos = strpos($tpl, $this->ld, $ptr);

			if ($pos === false) {
				$this->push(substr($tpl, $ptr), 0);
				break;
			} elseif (substr($tpl, $pos-1, 1) === '\\' && substr($tpl, $pos-2, 1) !== '\\') {
				$this->push(substr($tpl, $ptr, $pos-$ptr-1) . $this->ld);
				$ptr = $pos+strlen($this->ld);
			} elseif (preg_match('/^'.$this->ldr . ($this->allowLooseOpenings ? '\s*' : '') . 'literal' . ($this->allowLooseOpenings ? '\s*' : '') . $this->rdr.'/s', substr($tpl, $pos), $litOpen)) {
				if (!preg_match('/'.$this->ldr . ($this->allowLooseOpenings ? '\s*' : '') . '\/literal' . ($this->allowLooseOpenings ? '\s*' : '') . $this->rdr.'/s', $tpl, $litClose, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE, $pos)) {
					throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'The {literal} blocks must be closed explicitly with {/literal}');
				}
				$endpos = $litClose[0][1];
				$this->push(substr($tpl, $ptr, $pos-$ptr) . substr($tpl, $pos + strlen($litOpen[0]), $endpos-$pos-strlen($litOpen[0])));
				$ptr = $endpos+strlen($litClose[0][0]);
			} else {
				if (substr($tpl, $pos-2, 1) === '\\' && substr($tpl, $pos-1, 1) === '\\') {
					$this->push(substr($tpl, $ptr, $pos-$ptr-1));
					$ptr = $pos;
				}

				$this->push(substr($tpl, $ptr, $pos-$ptr));
				$ptr = $pos;

				$pos += strlen($this->ld);
				if ($this->allowLooseOpenings) {
					while (substr($tpl, $pos, 1) === ' ') {
						$pos+=1;
					}
				} else {
					if (substr($tpl, $pos, 1) === ' ' || substr($tpl, $pos, 1) === "\r" || substr($tpl, $pos, 1) === "\n" || substr($tpl, $pos, 1) === "\t") {
						$ptr = $pos;
						$this->push($this->ld);
						continue;
					}
				}

				// check that there is an end tag present
				if (strpos($tpl, $this->rd, $pos) === false) {
					throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'A template tag was not closed, started with "'.substr($tpl, $ptr, 30).'"');
				}


				$ptr += strlen($this->ld);
				$subptr = $ptr;

				while (true) {
					$parsed = $this->parse($tpl, $subptr, null, false, 'root', $subptr);

					// reload loop if the compiler was reset
					if ($ptr === 0) {
						continue 2;
					}

					$len = $subptr - $ptr;
					$this->push($parsed, substr_count(substr($tpl, $ptr, $len), "\n"));
					$ptr += $len;

					if ($parsed === false) {
						break;
					}
				}

				// adds additional line breaks between php closing and opening tags because the php parser removes those if there is just a single line break
				if (substr($this->curBlock['buffer'], -2) === '?>' && preg_match('{^(([\r\n])([\r\n]?))}', substr($tpl, $ptr, 3), $m)) {
					if ($m[3] === '') {
						$ptr+=1;
						$this->push($m[1].$m[1], 1);
					} else {
						$ptr+=2;
						$this->push($m[1]."\n", 2);
					}
				}
			}
		}

		$compiled .= $this->removeBlock('topLevelBlock');

		if ($this->debug) echo 'PROCESSING POSTPROCESSORS<br>';

		foreach ($this->processors['post'] as $postProc) {
			if (is_array($postProc) && isset($postProc['autoload'])) {
				$postProc = $this->loadProcessor($postProc['class'], $postProc['name']);
			}
			if (is_array($postProc) && $postProc[0] instanceof Dwoo_Processor) {
				$compiled = call_user_func($postProc, $compiled);
			} else {
				$compiled = call_user_func($postProc, $this, $compiled);
			}
		}
		unset($postProc);

		if ($this->debug) echo 'COMPILATION COMPLETE : MEM USAGE : '.memory_get_usage().'<br>';

		$output = "<?php\n/* template head */\n";

		// build plugin preloader
		foreach ($this->usedPlugins as $plugin=>$type) {
			if ($type & Dwoo::CUSTOM_PLUGIN) {
				continue;
			}

			switch($type) {

			case Dwoo::BLOCK_PLUGIN:
			case Dwoo::CLASS_PLUGIN:
				$output .= "if (class_exists('Dwoo_Plugin_$plugin', false)===false)\n\t\$this->getLoader()->loadPlugin('$plugin');\n";
				break;
			case Dwoo::FUNC_PLUGIN:
				$output .= "if (function_exists('Dwoo_Plugin_$plugin')===false)\n\t\$this->getLoader()->loadPlugin('$plugin');\n";
				break;
			case Dwoo::SMARTY_MODIFIER:
				$output .= "if (function_exists('smarty_modifier_$plugin')===false)\n\t\$this->getLoader()->loadPlugin('$plugin');\n";
				break;
			case Dwoo::SMARTY_FUNCTION:
				$output .= "if (function_exists('smarty_function_$plugin')===false)\n\t\$this->getLoader()->loadPlugin('$plugin');\n";
				break;
			case Dwoo::SMARTY_BLOCK:
				$output .= "if (function_exists('smarty_block_$plugin')===false)\n\t\$this->getLoader()->loadPlugin('$plugin');\n";
				break;
			case Dwoo::PROXY_PLUGIN:
				$output .= $this->getDwoo()->getPluginProxy()->getPreloader($plugin);
				break;
			default:
				throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Type error for '.$plugin.' with type'.$type);

			}
		}

		foreach ($this->templatePlugins as $function => $attr) {
			if (isset($attr['called']) && $attr['called'] === true && !isset($attr['checked'])) {
				$this->resolveSubTemplateDependencies($function);
			}
		}
		foreach ($this->templatePlugins as $function) {
			if (isset($function['called']) && $function['called'] === true) {
				$output .= $function['body'].PHP_EOL;
			}
		}

		$output .= $compiled."\n?>";

		$output = preg_replace('/(?<!;|\}|\*\/|\n|\{)(\s*'.preg_quote(self::PHP_CLOSE, '/') . preg_quote(self::PHP_OPEN, '/').')/', ";\n", $output);
		$output = str_replace(self::PHP_CLOSE . self::PHP_OPEN, "\n", $output);

		// handle <?xml tag at the beginning
		$output = preg_replace('#(/\* template body \*/ \?>\s*)<\?xml#is', '$1<?php echo \'<?xml\'; ?>', $output);

		if ($this->debug) {
			echo '<hr><pre>';
			$lines = preg_split('{\r\n|\n|<br />}', highlight_string(($output), true));
			array_shift($lines);
			foreach ($lines as $i=>$line) {
				echo ($i+1).'. '.$line."\r\n";
			}
		}
		if ($this->debug) echo '<hr></pre></pre>';

		$this->template = $this->dwoo = null;
		$tpl = null;

		return $output;
	}

	/**
	 * checks what sub-templates are used in every sub-template so that we're sure they are all compiled
	 *
	 * @param string $function the sub-template name
	 */
	protected function resolveSubTemplateDependencies($function)
	{
		$body = $this->templatePlugins[$function]['body'];
		foreach ($this->templatePlugins as $func => $attr) {
			if ($func !== $function && !isset($attr['called']) && strpos($body, 'Dwoo_Plugin_'.$func) !== false) {
				$this->templatePlugins[$func]['called'] = true;
				$this->resolveSubTemplateDependencies($func);
			}
		}
		$this->templatePlugins[$function]['checked'] = true;
	}

	/**
	 * adds compiled content to the current block
	 *
	 * @param string $content the content to push
	 * @param int $lineCount newlines count in content, optional
	 */
	public function push($content, $lineCount = null)
	{
		if ($lineCount === null) {
			$lineCount = substr_count($content, "\n");
		}

		if ($this->curBlock['buffer'] === null && count($this->stack) > 1) {
			// buffer is not initialized yet (the block has just been created)
			$this->stack[count($this->stack)-2]['buffer'] .= (string) $content;
			$this->curBlock['buffer'] = '';
		} else {
			if (!isset($this->curBlock['buffer'])) {
				throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'The template has been closed too early, you probably have an extra block-closing tag somewhere');
			}
			// append current content to current block's buffer
			$this->curBlock['buffer'] .= (string) $content;
		}
		$this->line += $lineCount;
	}

	/**
	 * sets the scope
	 *
	 * set to null if the scope becomes "unstable" (i.e. too variable or unknown) so that
	 * variables are compiled in a more evaluative way than just $this->scope['key']
	 *
	 * @param mixed $scope a string i.e. "level1.level2" or an array i.e. array("level1", "level2")
	 * @param bool $absolute if true, the scope is set from the top level scope and not from the current scope
	 * @return array the current scope tree
	 */
	public function setScope($scope, $absolute = false)
	{
		$old = $this->scopeTree;

		if ($scope===null) {
			unset($this->scope);
			$this->scope = null;
		}

		if (is_array($scope)===false) {
			$scope = explode('.', $scope);
		}

		if ($absolute===true) {
			$this->scope =& $this->data;
			$this->scopeTree = array();
		}

		while (($bit = array_shift($scope)) !== null) {
			if ($bit === '_parent' || $bit === '_') {
				array_pop($this->scopeTree);
				reset($this->scopeTree);
				$this->scope =& $this->data;
				$cnt = count($this->scopeTree);
				for ($i=0;$i<$cnt;$i++)
					$this->scope =& $this->scope[$this->scopeTree[$i]];
			} elseif ($bit === '_root' || $bit === '__') {
				$this->scope =& $this->data;
				$this->scopeTree = array();
			} elseif (isset($this->scope[$bit])) {
				$this->scope =& $this->scope[$bit];
				$this->scopeTree[] = $bit;
			} else {
				$this->scope[$bit] = array();
				$this->scope =& $this->scope[$bit];
				$this->scopeTree[] = $bit;
			}
		}

		return $old;
	}

	/**
	 * adds a block to the top of the block stack
	 *
	 * @param string $type block type (name)
	 * @param array $params the parameters array
	 * @param int $paramtype the parameters type (see mapParams), 0, 1 or 2
	 * @return string the preProcessing() method's output
	 */
	public function addBlock($type, array $params, $paramtype)
	{
		$class = 'Dwoo_Plugin_'.$type;
		if (class_exists($class, false) === false) {
			$this->dwoo->getLoader()->loadPlugin($type);
		}

		$params = $this->mapParams($params, array($class, 'init'), $paramtype);

		$this->stack[] = array('type' => $type, 'params' => $params, 'custom' => false, 'class' => $class, 'buffer' => null);
		$this->curBlock =& $this->stack[count($this->stack)-1];
		return call_user_func(array($class,'preProcessing'), $this, $params, '', '', $type);
	}

	/**
	 * adds a custom block to the top of the block stack
	 *
	 * @param string $type block type (name)
	 * @param array $params the parameters array
	 * @param int $paramtype the parameters type (see mapParams), 0, 1 or 2
	 * @return string the preProcessing() method's output
	 */
	public function addCustomBlock($type, array $params, $paramtype)
	{
		$callback = $this->customPlugins[$type]['callback'];
		if (is_array($callback)) {
			$class = is_object($callback[0]) ? get_class($callback[0]) : $callback[0];
		} else {
			$class = $callback;
		}

		$params = $this->mapParams($params, array($class, 'init'), $paramtype);

		$this->stack[] = array('type' => $type, 'params' => $params, 'custom' => true, 'class' => $class, 'buffer' => null);
		$this->curBlock =& $this->stack[count($this->stack)-1];
		return call_user_func(array($class,'preProcessing'), $this, $params, '', '', $type);
	}

	/**
	 * injects a block at the top of the plugin stack without calling its preProcessing method
	 *
	 * used by {else} blocks to re-add themselves after having closed everything up to their parent
	 *
	 * @param string $type block type (name)
	 * @param array $params parameters array
	 */
	public function injectBlock($type, array $params)
	{
		$class = 'Dwoo_Plugin_'.$type;
		if (class_exists($class, false) === false) {
			$this->dwoo->getLoader()->loadPlugin($type);
		}
		$this->stack[] = array('type' => $type, 'params' => $params, 'custom' => false, 'class' => $class, 'buffer' => null);
		$this->curBlock =& $this->stack[count($this->stack)-1];
	}

	/**
	 * removes the closest-to-top block of the given type and all other
	 * blocks encountered while going down the block stack
	 *
	 * @param string $type block type (name)
	 * @return string the output of all postProcessing() method's return values of the closed blocks
	 */
	public function removeBlock($type)
	{
		$output = '';

		$pluginType = $this->getPluginType($type);
		if ($pluginType & Dwoo::SMARTY_BLOCK) {
			$type = 'smartyinterface';
		}
		while (true) {
			while ($top = array_pop($this->stack)) {
				if ($top['custom']) {
					$class = $top['class'];
				} else {
					$class = 'Dwoo_Plugin_'.$top['type'];
				}
				if (count($this->stack)) {
					$this->curBlock =& $this->stack[count($this->stack)-1];
					$this->push(call_user_func(array($class, 'postProcessing'), $this, $top['params'], '', '', $top['buffer']), 0);
				} else {
					$null = null;
					$this->curBlock =& $null;
					$output = call_user_func(array($class, 'postProcessing'), $this, $top['params'], '', '', $top['buffer']);
				}

				if ($top['type'] === $type) {
					break 2;
				}
			}

			throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Syntax malformation, a block of type "'.$type.'" was closed but was not opened');
			break;
		}

		return $output;
	}

	/**
	 * returns a reference to the first block of the given type encountered and
	 * optionally closes all blocks until it finds it
	 *
	 * this is mainly used by {else} plugins to close everything that was opened
	 * between their parent and themselves
	 *
	 * @param string $type the block type (name)
	 * @param bool $closeAlong whether to close all blocks encountered while going down the block stack or not
	 * @return &array the array is as such: array('type'=>pluginName, 'params'=>parameter array,
	 * 				  'custom'=>bool defining whether it's a custom plugin or not, for internal use)
	 */
	public function &findBlock($type, $closeAlong = false)
	{
		if ($closeAlong===true) {
			while ($b = end($this->stack)) {
				if ($b['type']===$type) {
					return $this->stack[key($this->stack)];
				}
				$this->push($this->removeTopBlock(), 0);
			}
		} else {
			end($this->stack);
			while ($b = current($this->stack)) {
				if ($b['type']===$type) {
					return $this->stack[key($this->stack)];
				}
				prev($this->stack);
			}
		}

		throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'A parent block of type "'.$type.'" is required and can not be found');
	}

	/**
	 * returns a reference to the current block array
	 *
	 * @return &array the array is as such: array('type'=>pluginName, 'params'=>parameter array,
	 * 				  'custom'=>bool defining whether it's a custom plugin or not, for internal use)
	 */
	public function &getCurrentBlock()
	{
		return $this->curBlock;
	}

	/**
	 * removes the block at the top of the stack and calls its postProcessing() method
	 *
	 * @return string the postProcessing() method's output
	 */
	public function removeTopBlock()
	{
		$o = array_pop($this->stack);
		if ($o === null) {
			throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Syntax malformation, a block of unknown type was closed but was not opened.');
		}
		if ($o['custom']) {
			$class = $o['class'];
		} else {
			$class = 'Dwoo_Plugin_'.$o['type'];
		}

		$this->curBlock =& $this->stack[count($this->stack)-1];

		return call_user_func(array($class, 'postProcessing'), $this, $o['params'], '', '', $o['buffer']);
	}

	/**
	 * returns the compiled parameters (for example a variable's compiled parameter will be "$this->scope['key']") out of the given parameter array
	 *
	 * @param array $params parameter array
	 * @return array filtered parameters
	 */
	public function getCompiledParams(array $params)
	{
		foreach ($params as $k=>$p) {
			if (is_array($p)) {
				$params[$k] = $p[0];
			}
		}
		return $params;
	}

	/**
	 * returns the real parameters (for example a variable's real parameter will be its key, etc) out of the given parameter array
	 *
	 * @param array $params parameter array
	 * @return array filtered parameters
	 */
	public function getRealParams(array $params)
	{
		foreach ($params as $k=>$p) {
			if (is_array($p)) {
				$params[$k] = $p[1];
			}
		}
		return $params;
	}

	/**
	 * entry point of the parser, it redirects calls to other parse* functions
	 *
	 * @param string $in the string within which we must parse something
	 * @param int $from the starting offset of the parsed area
	 * @param int $to the ending offset of the parsed area
	 * @param mixed $parsingParams must be an array if we are parsing a function or modifier's parameters, or false by default
	 * @param string $curBlock the current parser-block being processed
	 * @param mixed $pointer a reference to a pointer that will be increased by the amount of characters parsed, or null by default
	 * @return string parsed values
	 */
	protected function parse($in, $from, $to, $parsingParams = false, $curBlock='', &$pointer = null)
	{
		if ($to === null) {
			$to = strlen($in);
		}
		$first = substr($in, $from, 1);

		if ($first === false) {
			throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Unexpected EOF, a template tag was not closed');
		}

		while ($first===" " || $first==="\n" || $first==="\t" || $first==="\r") {
			if ($curBlock === 'root' && substr($in, $from, strlen($this->rd)) === $this->rd) {
				// end template tag
				$pointer += strlen($this->rd);
				if ($this->debug) echo 'TEMPLATE PARSING ENDED<br />';
				return false;
			}
			$from++;
			if ($pointer !== null) {
				$pointer++;
			}
			if ($from >= $to) {
				if (is_array($parsingParams)) {
					return $parsingParams;
				} else {
					return '';
				}
			}
			$first = $in[$from];
		}

		$substr = substr($in, $from, $to-$from);

		if ($this->debug) echo '<br />PARSE CALL : PARSING "<b>'.htmlentities(substr($in, $from, min($to-$from, 50))).(($to-$from) > 50 ? '...':'').'</b>" @ '.$from.':'.$to.' in '.$curBlock.' : pointer='.$pointer.'<br/>';
		$parsed = "";

		if ($curBlock === 'root' && $first === '*') {
			$src = $this->getTemplateSource();
			$startpos = $this->getPointer() - strlen($this->ld);
			if (substr($src, $startpos, strlen($this->ld)) === $this->ld) {
				if ($startpos > 0) {
					do {
						$char = substr($src, --$startpos, 1);
						if ($char == "\n") {
							$startpos++;
							$whitespaceStart = true;
							break;
						}
					} while ($startpos > 0 && ($char == ' ' || $char == "\t"));
				}

				if (!isset($whitespaceStart)) {
					$startpos = $this->getPointer();
				} else {
					$pointer -= $this->getPointer() - $startpos;
				}

				if ($this->allowNestedComments && strpos($src, $this->ld.'*', $this->getPointer()) !== false) {
					$comOpen = $this->ld.'*';
					$comClose = '*'.$this->rd;
					$level = 1;
					$start = $startpos;
					$ptr = $this->getPointer() + '*';

					while ($level > 0 && $ptr < strlen($src)) {
						$open = strpos($src, $comOpen, $ptr);
						$close = strpos($src, $comClose, $ptr);

						if ($open !== false && $close !== false) {
							if ($open < $close) {
								$ptr = $open + strlen($comOpen);
								$level++;
							} else {
								$ptr = $close + strlen($comClose);
								$level--;
							}
						} elseif ($open !== false) {
							$ptr = $open + strlen($comOpen);
							$level++;
						} elseif ($close !== false) {
							$ptr = $close + strlen($comClose);
							$level--;
						} else {
							$ptr = strlen($src);
						}
					}
					$endpos = $ptr - strlen('*'.$this->rd);
				} else {
					$endpos = strpos($src, '*'.$this->rd, $startpos);
					if ($endpos == false) {
						throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Un-ended comment');
					}
				}
				$pointer += $endpos - $startpos + strlen('*'.$this->rd);
				if (isset($whitespaceStart) && preg_match('#^[\t ]*\r?\n#', substr($src, $endpos+strlen('*'.$this->rd)), $m)) {
					$pointer += strlen($m[0]);
					$this->curBlock['buffer'] = substr($this->curBlock['buffer'], 0, strlen($this->curBlock['buffer']) - ($this->getPointer() - $startpos - strlen($this->ld)));
				}
				return false;
			}
		}

		if ($first==='$') {
			// var
			$out = $this->parseVar($in, $from, $to, $parsingParams, $curBlock, $pointer);
			$parsed = 'var';
		} elseif ($first==='%' && preg_match('#^%[a-z]#i', $substr)) {
			// const
			$out = $this->parseConst($in, $from, $to, $parsingParams, $curBlock, $pointer);
		} elseif ($first==='"' || $first==="'") {
			// string
			$out = $this->parseString($in, $from, $to, $parsingParams, $curBlock, $pointer);
		} elseif (preg_match('/^[a-z][a-z0-9_]*(?:::[a-z][a-z0-9_]*)?('.(is_array($parsingParams)||$curBlock!='root'?'':'\s+[^(]|').'\s*\(|\s*'.$this->rdr.'|\s*;)/i', $substr)) {
			// func
			$out = $this->parseFunction($in, $from, $to, $parsingParams, $curBlock, $pointer);
			$parsed = 'func';
		} elseif ($first === ';') {
			// instruction end
			if ($this->debug) echo 'END OF INSTRUCTION<br />';
			if ($pointer !== null) {
				$pointer++;
			}
			return $this->parse($in, $from+1, $to, false, 'root', $pointer);
		} elseif ($curBlock === 'root' && preg_match('#^/([a-z][a-z0-9_]*)?#i', $substr, $match)) {
			// close block
			if (!empty($match[1]) && $match[1] == 'else') {
				throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Else blocks must not be closed explicitly, they are automatically closed when their parent block is closed');
			}
			if (!empty($match[1]) && $match[1] == 'elseif') {
				throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Elseif blocks must not be closed explicitly, they are automatically closed when their parent block is closed or a new else/elseif block is declared after them');
			}
			if ($pointer !== null) {
				$pointer += strlen($match[0]);
			}
			if (empty($match[1])) {
				if ($this->curBlock['type'] == 'else' || $this->curBlock['type'] == 'elseif') {
					$pointer -= strlen($match[0]);
				}
				if ($this->debug) echo 'TOP BLOCK CLOSED<br />';
				return $this->removeTopBlock();
			} else {
				if ($this->debug) echo 'BLOCK OF TYPE '.$match[1].' CLOSED<br />';
				return $this->removeBlock($match[1]);
			}
		} elseif ($curBlock === 'root' && substr($substr, 0, strlen($this->rd)) === $this->rd) {
			// end template tag
			if ($this->debug) echo 'TAG PARSING ENDED<br />';
			$pointer += strlen($this->rd);
			return false;
		} elseif (is_array($parsingParams) && preg_match('#^([a-z0-9_]+\s*=)(?:\s+|[^=]).*#i', $substr, $match)) {
			// named parameter
			if ($this->debug) echo 'NAMED PARAM FOUND<br />';
			$len = strlen($match[1]);
			while (substr($in, $from+$len, 1)===' ') {
				$len++;
			}
			if ($pointer !== null) {
				$pointer += $len;
			}

			$output = array(trim(substr(trim($match[1]), 0, -1)), $this->parse($in, $from+$len, $to, false, 'namedparam', $pointer));

			$parsingParams[] = $output;
			return $parsingParams;
		} elseif (preg_match('#^([a-z0-9_]+::\$[a-z0-9_]+)#i', $substr, $match)) {
			// static member access
			$parsed = 'var';
			if (is_array($parsingParams)) {
				$parsingParams[] = array($match[1], $match[1]);
				$out = $parsingParams;
			} else {
				$out = $match[1];
			}
			$pointer += strlen($match[1]);
		} elseif ($substr!=='' && (is_array($parsingParams) || $curBlock === 'namedparam' || $curBlock === 'condition' || $curBlock === 'expression')) {
			// unquoted string, bool or number
			$out = $this->parseOthers($in, $from, $to, $parsingParams, $curBlock, $pointer);
		} else {
			// parse error
			throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Parse error in "'.substr($in, $from, $to-$from).'"');
		}

		if (empty($out)) {
			return '';
		}

		$substr = substr($in, $pointer, $to-$pointer);

		// var parsed, check if any var-extension applies
		if ($parsed==='var') {
			if (preg_match('#^\s*([/%+*-])\s*([a-z0-9]|\$)#i', $substr, $match)) {
				if($this->debug) echo 'PARSING POST-VAR EXPRESSION '.$substr.'<br />';
				// parse expressions
				$pointer += strlen($match[0]) - 1;
				if (is_array($parsingParams)) {
					if ($match[2] == '$') {
						$expr = $this->parseVar($in, $pointer, $to, array(), $curBlock, $pointer);
					} else {
						$expr = $this->parse($in, $pointer, $to, array(), 'expression', $pointer);
					}
					$out[count($out)-1][0] .= $match[1] . $expr[0][0];
					$out[count($out)-1][1] .= $match[1] . $expr[0][1];
				} else {
					if ($match[2] == '$') {
						$expr = $this->parseVar($in, $pointer, $to, false, $curBlock, $pointer);
					} else {
						$expr = $this->parse($in, $pointer, $to, false, 'expression', $pointer);
					}
					if (is_array($out) && is_array($expr)) {
						$out[0] .= $match[1] . $expr[0];
						$out[1] .= $match[1] . $expr[1];
					} elseif (is_array($out)) {
						$out[0] .= $match[1] . $expr;
						$out[1] .= $match[1] . $expr;
					} elseif (is_array($expr)) {
						$out .= $match[1] . $expr[0];
					} else {
						$out .= $match[1] . $expr;
					}
				}
			} else if ($curBlock === 'root' && preg_match('#^(\s*(?:[+/*%-.]=|=|\+\+|--)\s*)(.*)#s', $substr, $match)) {
				if($this->debug) echo 'PARSING POST-VAR ASSIGNMENT '.$substr.'<br />';
				// parse assignment
				$value = $match[2];
				$operator = trim($match[1]);
				if (substr($value, 0, 1) == '=') {
					throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Unexpected "=" in <em>'.$substr.'</em>');
				}

				if ($pointer !== null) {
					$pointer += strlen($match[1]);
				}

				if ($operator !== '++' && $operator !== '--') {
					$parts = array();
					$ptr = 0;
					$parts = $this->parse($value, 0, strlen($value), $parts, 'condition', $ptr);
					$pointer += $ptr;

					// load if plugin
					try {
						$this->getPluginType('if');
					} catch (Dwoo_Exception $e) {
						throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Assignments require the "if" plugin to be accessible');
					}

					$parts = $this->mapParams($parts, array('Dwoo_Plugin_if', 'init'), 1);
					$parts = $this->getCompiledParams($parts);

					$value = Dwoo_Plugin_if::replaceKeywords($parts['*'], $this);
					$echo = '';
				} else {
					$value = array();
					$echo = 'echo ';
				}

				if ($this->autoEscape) {
					$out = preg_replace('#\(is_string\(\$tmp=(.+?)\) \? htmlspecialchars\(\$tmp, ENT_QUOTES, \$this->charset\) : \$tmp\)#', '$1', $out);
				}
				$out = Dwoo_Compiler::PHP_OPEN. $echo . $out . $operator . implode(' ', $value) . Dwoo_Compiler::PHP_CLOSE;
			}
		}

		if ($curBlock !== 'modifier' && ($parsed === 'func' || $parsed === 'var') && preg_match('#^\|@?[a-z0-9_]+(:.*)?#i', $substr, $match)) {
			// parse modifier on funcs or vars
			$srcPointer = $pointer;
			if (is_array($parsingParams)) {
				$tmp = $this->replaceModifiers(array(null, null, $out[count($out)-1][0], $match[0]), 'var', $pointer);
				$out[count($out)-1][0] = $tmp;
				$out[count($out)-1][1] .= substr($substr, $srcPointer, $srcPointer - $pointer);
			} else {
				$out = $this->replaceModifiers(array(null, null, $out, $match[0]), 'var', $pointer);
			}
		}

		// func parsed, check if any func-extension applies
		if ($parsed==='func' && preg_match('#^->[a-z0-9_]+(\s*\(.+|->[a-z].*)?#is', $substr, $match)) {
			// parse method call or property read
			$ptr = 0;

			if (is_array($parsingParams)) {
				$output = $this->parseMethodCall($out[count($out)-1][1], $match[0], $curBlock, $ptr);

				$out[count($out)-1][0] = $output;
				$out[count($out)-1][1] .= substr($match[0], 0, $ptr);
			} else {
				$out = $this->parseMethodCall($out, $match[0], $curBlock, $ptr);
			}

			$pointer += $ptr;
		}

		if ($curBlock === 'root' && substr($out, 0, strlen(self::PHP_OPEN)) !== self::PHP_OPEN) {
			return self::PHP_OPEN .'echo '.$out.';'. self::PHP_CLOSE;
		} else {
			return $out;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * parses a function call
	 *
	 * @param string $in the string within which we must parse something
	 * @param int $from the starting offset of the parsed area
	 * @param int $to the ending offset of the parsed area
	 * @param mixed $parsingParams must be an array if we are parsing a function or modifier's parameters, or false by default
	 * @param string $curBlock the current parser-block being processed
	 * @param mixed $pointer a reference to a pointer that will be increased by the amount of characters parsed, or null by default
	 * @return string parsed values
	 */
	protected function parseFunction($in, $from, $to, $parsingParams = false, $curBlock='', &$pointer = null)
	{
		$cmdstr = substr($in, $from, $to-$from);
		preg_match('/^([a-z][a-z0-9_]*(?:::[a-z][a-z0-9_]*)?)(\s*'.$this->rdr.'|\s*;)?/i', $cmdstr, $match);

		if (empty($match[1])) {
			throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Parse error, invalid function name : '.substr($cmdstr, 0, 15));
		}

		$func = $match[1];

		if (!empty($match[2])) {
			$cmdstr = $match[1];
		}

		if ($this->debug) echo 'FUNC FOUND ('.$func.')<br />';

		$paramsep = '';

		if (is_array($parsingParams) || $curBlock != 'root') {
			$paramspos = strpos($cmdstr, '(');
			$paramsep = ')';
		} elseif(preg_match_all('#[a-z0-9_]+(\s*\(|\s+[^(])#i', $cmdstr, $match, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE)) {
			$paramspos = $match[1][0][1];
			$paramsep = substr($match[1][0][0], -1) === '(' ? ')':'';
			if($paramsep === ')') {
				$paramspos += strlen($match[1][0][0]) - 1;
				if(substr($cmdstr, 0, 2) === 'if' || substr($cmdstr, 0, 6) === 'elseif') {
					$paramsep = '';
					if(strlen($match[1][0][0]) > 1) {
						$paramspos--;
					}
				}
			}
		} else {
			$paramspos = false;
		}

		$state = 0;

		if ($paramspos === false) {
			$params = array();

			if ($curBlock !== 'root') {
				return $this->parseOthers($in, $from, $to, $parsingParams, $curBlock, $pointer);
			}
		} else {
			if ($curBlock === 'condition') {
				// load if plugin
				$this->getPluginType('if');
				if (Dwoo_Plugin_if::replaceKeywords(array($func), $this) !== array($func)) {
					return $this->parseOthers($in, $from, $to, $parsingParams, $curBlock, $pointer);
				}
			}
			$whitespace = strlen(substr($cmdstr, strlen($func), $paramspos-strlen($func)));
			$paramstr = substr($cmdstr, $paramspos+1);
			if (substr($paramstr, -1, 1) === $paramsep) {
				$paramstr = substr($paramstr, 0, -1);
			}

			if (strlen($paramstr)===0) {
				$params = array();
				$paramstr = '';
			} else {
				$ptr = 0;
				$params = array();
				if ($func === 'empty') {
					$params = $this->parseVar($paramstr, $ptr, strlen($paramstr), $params, 'root', $ptr);
				} else {
					while ($ptr < strlen($paramstr)) {
						while (true) {
							if ($ptr >= strlen($paramstr)) {
								break 2;
							}

							if ($func !== 'if' && $func !== 'elseif' && $paramstr[$ptr] === ')') {
								if ($this->debug) echo 'PARAM PARSING ENDED, ")" FOUND, POINTER AT '.$ptr.'<br/>';
								break 2;
							} elseif ($paramstr[$ptr] === ';') {
								$ptr++;
								if ($this->debug) echo 'PARAM PARSING ENDED, ";" FOUND, POINTER AT '.$ptr.'<br/>';
								break 2;
							} elseif ($func !== 'if' && $func !== 'elseif' && $paramstr[$ptr] === '/') {
								if ($this->debug) echo 'PARAM PARSING ENDED, "/" FOUND, POINTER AT '.$ptr.'<br/>';
								break 2;
							} elseif (substr($paramstr, $ptr, strlen($this->rd)) === $this->rd) {
								if ($this->debug) echo 'PARAM PARSING ENDED, RIGHT DELIMITER FOUND, POINTER AT '.$ptr.'<br/>';
								break 2;
							}

							if ($paramstr[$ptr] === ' ' || $paramstr[$ptr] === ',' || $paramstr[$ptr] === "\r" || $paramstr[$ptr] === "\n" || $paramstr[$ptr] === "\t") {
								$ptr++;
							} else {
								break;
							}
						}

						if ($this->debug) echo 'FUNC START PARAM PARSING WITH POINTER AT '.$ptr.'<br/>';

						if ($func === 'if' || $func === 'elseif' || $func === 'tif') {
							$params = $this->parse($paramstr, $ptr, strlen($paramstr), $params, 'condition', $ptr);
						} else {
							$params = $this->parse($paramstr, $ptr, strlen($paramstr), $params, 'function', $ptr);
						}

						if ($this->debug) echo 'PARAM PARSED, POINTER AT '.$ptr.' ('.substr($paramstr, $ptr-1, 3).')<br/>';
					}
				}
				$paramstr = substr($paramstr, 0, $ptr);
				$state = 0;
				foreach ($params as $k=>$p) {
					if (is_array($p) && is_array($p[1])) {
						$state |= 2;
					} else {
						if (($state & 2) && preg_match('#^(["\'])(.+?)\1$#', $p[0], $m)) {
							$params[$k] = array($m[2], array('true', 'true'));
						} else {
							if ($state & 2) {
								throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'You can not use an unnamed parameter after a named one');
							}
							$state |= 1;
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}

		if ($pointer !== null) {
			$pointer += (isset($paramstr) ? strlen($paramstr) : 0) + (')' === $paramsep ? 2 : ($paramspos === false ? 0 : 1)) + strlen($func) + (isset($whitespace) ? $whitespace : 0);
			if ($this->debug) echo 'FUNC ADDS '.((isset($paramstr) ? strlen($paramstr) : 0) + (')' === $paramsep ? 2 : ($paramspos === false ? 0 : 1)) + strlen($func)).' TO POINTER<br/>';
		}

		if ($curBlock === 'method' || $func === 'do' || strstr($func, '::') !== false) {
			$pluginType = Dwoo::NATIVE_PLUGIN;
		} else {
			$pluginType = $this->getPluginType($func);
		}

		// blocks
		if ($pluginType & Dwoo::BLOCK_PLUGIN) {
			if ($curBlock !== 'root' || is_array($parsingParams)) {
				throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Block plugins can not be used as other plugin\'s arguments');
			}
			if ($pluginType & Dwoo::CUSTOM_PLUGIN) {
				return $this->addCustomBlock($func, $params, $state);
			} else {
				return $this->addBlock($func, $params, $state);
			}
		} elseif ($pluginType & Dwoo::SMARTY_BLOCK) {
			if ($curBlock !== 'root' || is_array($parsingParams)) {
				throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Block plugins can not be used as other plugin\'s arguments');
			}

			if ($state & 2) {
				array_unshift($params, array('__functype', array($pluginType, $pluginType)));
				array_unshift($params, array('__funcname', array($func, $func)));
			} else {
				array_unshift($params, array($pluginType, $pluginType));
				array_unshift($params, array($func, $func));
			}

			return $this->addBlock('smartyinterface', $params, $state);
		}

		// funcs
		if ($pluginType & Dwoo::NATIVE_PLUGIN || $pluginType & Dwoo::SMARTY_FUNCTION || $pluginType & Dwoo::SMARTY_BLOCK) {
			$params = $this->mapParams($params, null, $state);
		} elseif ($pluginType & Dwoo::CLASS_PLUGIN) {
			if ($pluginType & Dwoo::CUSTOM_PLUGIN) {
				$params = $this->mapParams($params, array($this->customPlugins[$func]['class'], $this->customPlugins[$func]['function']), $state);
			} else {
				$params = $this->mapParams($params, array('Dwoo_Plugin_'.$func, ($pluginType & Dwoo::COMPILABLE_PLUGIN) ? 'compile' : 'process'), $state);
			}
		} elseif ($pluginType & Dwoo::FUNC_PLUGIN) {
			if ($pluginType & Dwoo::CUSTOM_PLUGIN) {
				$params = $this->mapParams($params, $this->customPlugins[$func]['callback'], $state);
			} else {
				$params = $this->mapParams($params, 'Dwoo_Plugin_'.$func.(($pluginType & Dwoo::COMPILABLE_PLUGIN) ? '_compile' : ''), $state);
			}
		} elseif ($pluginType & Dwoo::SMARTY_MODIFIER) {
			$output = 'smarty_modifier_'.$func.'('.implode(', ', $params).')';
		} elseif ($pluginType & Dwoo::PROXY_PLUGIN) {
			$params = $this->mapParams($params, $this->getDwoo()->getPluginProxy()->getCallback($func), $state);
		} elseif ($pluginType & Dwoo::TEMPLATE_PLUGIN) {
			// transforms the parameter array from (x=>array('paramname'=>array(values))) to (paramname=>array(values))
			$map = array();
			foreach ($this->templatePlugins[$func]['params'] as $param=>$defValue) {
				if ($param == 'rest') {
					$param = '*';
				}
				$hasDefault = $defValue !== null;
				if ($defValue === 'null') {
					$defValue = null;
				} elseif ($defValue === 'false') {
					$defValue = false;
				} elseif ($defValue === 'true') {
					$defValue = true;
				} elseif (preg_match('#^([\'"]).*?\1$#', $defValue)) {
					$defValue = substr($defValue, 1, -1);
				}
				$map[] = array($param, $hasDefault, $defValue);
			}

			$params = $this->mapParams($params, null, $state, $map);
		}

		// only keep php-syntax-safe values for non-block plugins
		foreach ($params as &$p) {
			$p = $p[0];
		}
		if ($pluginType & Dwoo::NATIVE_PLUGIN) {
			if ($func === 'do') {
				if (isset($params['*'])) {
					$output = implode(';', $params['*']).';';
				} else {
					$output = '';
				}

				if (is_array($parsingParams) || $curBlock !== 'root') {
					throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Do can not be used inside another function or block');
				} else {
					return self::PHP_OPEN.$output.self::PHP_CLOSE;
				}
			} else {
				if (isset($params['*'])) {
					$output = $func.'('.implode(', ', $params['*']).')';
				} else {
					$output = $func.'()';
				}
			}
		} elseif ($pluginType & Dwoo::FUNC_PLUGIN) {
			if ($pluginType & Dwoo::COMPILABLE_PLUGIN) {
				if ($pluginType & Dwoo::CUSTOM_PLUGIN) {
					$funcCompiler = $this->customPlugins[$func]['callback'];
				} else {
					$funcCompiler = 'Dwoo_Plugin_'.$func.'_compile';
				}
				array_unshift($params, $this);
				$output = call_user_func_array($funcCompiler, $params);
			} else {
				array_unshift($params, '$this');
				$params = self::implode_r($params);

				if ($pluginType & Dwoo::CUSTOM_PLUGIN) {
					$callback = $this->customPlugins[$func]['callback'];
					$output = 'call_user_func(\''.$callback.'\', '.$params.')';
				} else {
					$output = 'Dwoo_Plugin_'.$func.'('.$params.')';
				}
			}
		} elseif ($pluginType & Dwoo::CLASS_PLUGIN) {
			if ($pluginType & Dwoo::COMPILABLE_PLUGIN) {
				if ($pluginType & Dwoo::CUSTOM_PLUGIN) {
					$callback = $this->customPlugins[$func]['callback'];
					if (!is_array($callback)) {
						if (!method_exists($callback, 'compile')) {
							throw new Dwoo_Exception('Custom plugin '.$func.' must implement the "compile" method to be compilable, or you should provide a full callback to the method to use');
						}
						if (($ref = new ReflectionMethod($callback, 'compile')) && $ref->isStatic()) {
							$funcCompiler = array($callback, 'compile');
						} else {
							$funcCompiler = array(new $callback, 'compile');
						}
					} else {
						$funcCompiler = $callback;
					}
				} else {
					$funcCompiler = array('Dwoo_Plugin_'.$func, 'compile');
					array_unshift($params, $this);
				}
				$output = call_user_func_array($funcCompiler, $params);
			} else {
				$params = self::implode_r($params);
				if ($pluginType & Dwoo::CUSTOM_PLUGIN) {
					$callback = $this->customPlugins[$func]['callback'];
					if (!is_array($callback)) {
						if (!method_exists($callback, 'process')) {
							throw new Dwoo_Exception('Custom plugin '.$func.' must implement the "process" method to be usable, or you should provide a full callback to the method to use');
						}
						if (($ref = new ReflectionMethod($callback, 'process')) && $ref->isStatic()) {
							$output = 'call_user_func(array(\''.$callback.'\', \'process\'), '.$params.')';
						} else {
							$output = 'call_user_func(array($this->getObjectPlugin(\''.$callback.'\'), \'process\'), '.$params.')';
						}
					} elseif (is_object($callback[0])) {
						$output = 'call_user_func(array($this->plugins[\''.$func.'\'][\'callback\'][0], \''.$callback[1].'\'), '.$params.')';
					} elseif (($ref = new ReflectionMethod($callback[0], $callback[1])) && $ref->isStatic()) {
						$output = 'call_user_func(array(\''.$callback[0].'\', \''.$callback[1].'\'), '.$params.')';
					} else {
						$output = 'call_user_func(array($this->getObjectPlugin(\''.$callback[0].'\'), \''.$callback[1].'\'), '.$params.')';
					}
					if (empty($params)) {
						$output = substr($output, 0, -3).')';
					}
				} else {
					$output = '$this->classCall(\''.$func.'\', array('.$params.'))';
				}
			}
		} elseif ($pluginType & Dwoo::PROXY_PLUGIN) {
			$output = call_user_func(array($this->dwoo->getPluginProxy(), 'getCode'), $func, $params);
		} elseif ($pluginType & Dwoo::SMARTY_FUNCTION) {
			if (isset($params['*'])) {
				$params = self::implode_r($params['*'], true);
			} else {
				$params = '';
			}

			if ($pluginType & Dwoo::CUSTOM_PLUGIN) {
				$callback = $this->customPlugins[$func]['callback'];
				if (is_array($callback)) {
					if (is_object($callback[0])) {
						$output = 'call_user_func_array(array($this->plugins[\''.$func.'\'][\'callback\'][0], \''.$callback[1].'\'), array(array('.$params.'), $this))';
					} else {
						$output = 'call_user_func_array(array(\''.$callback[0].'\', \''.$callback[1].'\'), array(array('.$params.'), $this))';
					}
				} else {
					$output = $callback.'(array('.$params.'), $this)';
				}
			} else {
				$output = 'smarty_function_'.$func.'(array('.$params.'), $this)';
			}
		} elseif ($pluginType & Dwoo::TEMPLATE_PLUGIN) {
			array_unshift($params, '$this');
			$params = self::implode_r($params);
			$output = 'Dwoo_Plugin_'.$func.'_'.$this->templatePlugins[$func]['uuid'].'('.$params.')';
			$this->templatePlugins[$func]['called'] = true;
		}

		if (is_array($parsingParams)) {
			$parsingParams[] = array($output, $output);
			return $parsingParams;
		} elseif ($curBlock === 'namedparam') {
			return array($output, $output);
		} else {
			return $output;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * parses a string
	 *
	 * @param string $in the string within which we must parse something
	 * @param int $from the starting offset of the parsed area
	 * @param int $to the ending offset of the parsed area
	 * @param mixed $parsingParams must be an array if we are parsing a function or modifier's parameters, or false by default
	 * @param string $curBlock the current parser-block being processed
	 * @param mixed $pointer a reference to a pointer that will be increased by the amount of characters parsed, or null by default
	 * @return string parsed values
	 */
	protected function parseString($in, $from, $to, $parsingParams = false, $curBlock='', &$pointer = null)
	{
		$substr = substr($in, $from, $to-$from);
		$first = $substr[0];

		if ($this->debug) echo 'STRING FOUND (in '.htmlentities(substr($in, $from, min($to-$from, 50))).(($to-$from) > 50 ? '...':'').')<br />';
		$strend = false;
		$o = $from+1;
		while ($strend === false) {
			$strend = strpos($in, $first, $o);
			if ($strend === false) {
				throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Unfinished string, started with '.substr($in, $from, $to-$from));
			}
			if (substr($in, $strend-1, 1) === '\\') {
				$o = $strend+1;
				$strend = false;
			}
		}
		if ($this->debug) echo 'STRING DELIMITED: '.substr($in, $from, $strend+1-$from).'<br/>';

		$srcOutput = substr($in, $from, $strend+1-$from);

		if ($pointer !== null) {
			$pointer += strlen($srcOutput);
		}

		$output = $this->replaceStringVars($srcOutput, $first);

		// handle modifiers
		if ($curBlock !== 'modifier' && preg_match('#^((?:\|(?:@?[a-z0-9_]+(?::.*)*))+)#i', substr($substr, $strend+1-$from), $match)) {
			$modstr = $match[1];

			if ($curBlock === 'root' && substr($modstr, -1) === '}') {
				$modstr = substr($modstr, 0, -1);
			}
			$modstr = str_replace('\\'.$first, $first, $modstr);
			$ptr = 0;
			$output = $this->replaceModifiers(array(null, null, $output, $modstr), 'string', $ptr);

			$strend += $ptr;
			if ($pointer !== null) {
				$pointer += $ptr;
			}
			$srcOutput .= substr($substr, $strend+1-$from, $ptr);
		}

		if (is_array($parsingParams)) {
			$parsingParams[] = array($output, substr($srcOutput, 1, -1));
			return $parsingParams;
		} elseif ($curBlock === 'namedparam') {
			return array($output, substr($srcOutput, 1, -1));
		} else {
			return $output;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * parses a constant
	 *
	 * @param string $in the string within which we must parse something
	 * @param int $from the starting offset of the parsed area
	 * @param int $to the ending offset of the parsed area
	 * @param mixed $parsingParams must be an array if we are parsing a function or modifier's parameters, or false by default
	 * @param string $curBlock the current parser-block being processed
	 * @param mixed $pointer a reference to a pointer that will be increased by the amount of characters parsed, or null by default
	 * @return string parsed values
	 */
	protected function parseConst($in, $from, $to, $parsingParams = false, $curBlock='', &$pointer = null)
	{
		$substr = substr($in, $from, $to-$from);

		if ($this->debug) {
			echo 'CONST FOUND : '.$substr.'<br />';
		}

		if (!preg_match('#^%([a-z0-9_:]+)#i', $substr, $m)) {
			throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Invalid constant');
		}

		if ($pointer !== null) {
			$pointer += strlen($m[0]);
		}

		$output = $this->parseConstKey($m[1], $curBlock);

		if (is_array($parsingParams)) {
			$parsingParams[] = array($output, $m[1]);
			return $parsingParams;
		} elseif ($curBlock === 'namedparam') {
			return array($output, $m[1]);
		} else {
			return $output;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * parses a constant
	 *
	 * @param string $key the constant to parse
	 * @param string $curBlock the current parser-block being processed
	 * @return string parsed constant
	 */
	protected function parseConstKey($key, $curBlock)
	{
		if ($this->securityPolicy !== null && $this->securityPolicy->getConstantHandling() === Dwoo_Security_Policy::CONST_DISALLOW) {
			return 'null';
		}

		if ($curBlock !== 'root') {
			$output = '(defined("'.$key.'") ? '.$key.' : null)';
		} else {
			$output = $key;
		}

		return $output;
	}

	/**
	 * parses a variable
	 *
	 * @param string $in the string within which we must parse something
	 * @param int $from the starting offset of the parsed area
	 * @param int $to the ending offset of the parsed area
	 * @param mixed $parsingParams must be an array if we are parsing a function or modifier's parameters, or false by default
	 * @param string $curBlock the current parser-block being processed
	 * @param mixed $pointer a reference to a pointer that will be increased by the amount of characters parsed, or null by default
	 * @return string parsed values
	 */
	protected function parseVar($in, $from, $to, $parsingParams = false, $curBlock='', &$pointer = null)
	{
		$substr = substr($in, $from, $to-$from);

		if (preg_match('#(\$?\.?[a-z0-9_:]*(?:(?:(?:\.|->)(?:[a-z0-9_:]+|(?R))|\[(?:[a-z0-9_:]+|(?R)|(["\'])[^\2]*?\2)\]))*)' . // var key
			($curBlock==='root' || $curBlock==='function' || $curBlock==='namedparam' || $curBlock==='condition' || $curBlock==='variable' || $curBlock==='expression' ? '(\(.*)?' : '()') . // method call
			($curBlock==='root' || $curBlock==='function' || $curBlock==='namedparam' || $curBlock==='condition' || $curBlock==='variable' || $curBlock==='delimited_string' ? '((?:(?:[+/*%=-])(?:(?<!=)=?-?[$%][a-z0-9.[\]>_:-]+(?:\([^)]*\))?|(?<!=)=?-?[0-9.,]*|[+-]))*)':'()') . // simple math expressions
			($curBlock!=='modifier' ? '((?:\|(?:@?[a-z0-9_]+(?:(?::("|\').*?\5|:[^`]*))*))+)?':'(())') . // modifiers
			'#i', $substr, $match)) {
			$key = substr($match[1], 1);

			$matchedLength = strlen($match[0]);
			$hasModifiers = !empty($match[5]);
			$hasExpression = !empty($match[4]);
			$hasMethodCall = !empty($match[3]);

			if (substr($key, -1) == ".") {
				$key = substr($key, 0, -1);
				$matchedLength--;
			}

			if ($hasMethodCall) {
				$matchedLength -= strlen($match[3]) + strlen(substr($match[1], strrpos($match[1], '->')));
				$key = substr($match[1], 1, strrpos($match[1], '->')-1);
				$methodCall = substr($match[1], strrpos($match[1], '->')) . $match[3];
			}

			if ($hasModifiers) {
				$matchedLength -= strlen($match[5]);
			}

			if ($pointer !== null) {
				$pointer += $matchedLength;
			}

			// replace useless brackets by dot accessed vars
			$key = preg_replace('#\[([^$%\[.>-]+)\]#', '.$1', $key);

			// prevent $foo->$bar calls because it doesn't seem worth the trouble
			if (strpos($key, '->$') !== false) {
				throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'You can not access an object\'s property using a variable name.');
			}

			if ($this->debug) {
				if ($hasMethodCall) {
					echo 'METHOD CALL FOUND : $'.$key.substr($methodCall, 0, 30).'<br />';
				} else {
					echo 'VAR FOUND : $'.$key.'<br />';
				}
			}

			$key = str_replace('"', '\\"', $key);

			$cnt=substr_count($key, '$');
			if ($cnt > 0) {
				$uid = 0;
				$parsed = array($uid => '');
				$current =& $parsed;
				$curTxt =& $parsed[$uid++];
				$tree = array();
				$chars = str_split($key, 1);
				$inSplittedVar = false;
				$bracketCount = 0;

				while (($char = array_shift($chars)) !== null) {
					if ($char === '[') {
						if (count($tree) > 0) {
							$bracketCount++;
						} else {
							$tree[] =& $current;
							$current[$uid] = array($uid+1 => '');
							$current =& $current[$uid++];
							$curTxt =& $current[$uid++];
							continue;
						}
					} elseif ($char === ']') {
						if ($bracketCount > 0) {
							$bracketCount--;
						} else {
							$current =& $tree[count($tree)-1];
							array_pop($tree);
							if (current($chars) !== '[' && current($chars) !== false && current($chars) !== ']') {
								$current[$uid] = '';
								$curTxt =& $current[$uid++];
							}
							continue;
						}
					} elseif ($char === '$') {
						if (count($tree) == 0) {
							$curTxt =& $current[$uid++];
							$inSplittedVar = true;
						}
					} elseif (($char === '.' || $char === '-') && count($tree) == 0 && $inSplittedVar) {
						$curTxt =& $current[$uid++];
						$inSplittedVar = false;
					}

					$curTxt .= $char;
				}
				unset($uid, $current, $curTxt, $tree, $chars);

				if ($this->debug) echo 'RECURSIVE VAR REPLACEMENT : '.$key.'<br>';

				$key = $this->flattenVarTree($parsed);

				if ($this->debug) echo 'RECURSIVE VAR REPLACEMENT DONE : '.$key.'<br>';

				$output = preg_replace('#(^""\.|""\.|\.""$|(\()""\.|\.""(\)))#', '$2$3', '$this->readVar("'.$key.'")');
			} else {
				$output = $this->parseVarKey($key, $hasModifiers ? 'modifier' : $curBlock);
			}

			// methods
			if ($hasMethodCall) {
				$ptr = 0;

				$output = $this->parseMethodCall($output, $methodCall, $curBlock, $ptr);

				if ($pointer !== null) {
					$pointer += $ptr;
				}
				$matchedLength += $ptr;
			}

			if ($hasExpression) {
				// expressions
				preg_match_all('#(?:([+/*%=-])(=?-?[%$][a-z0-9.[\]>_:-]+(?:\([^)]*\))?|=?-?[0-9.,]+|\1))#i', $match[4], $expMatch);

				foreach ($expMatch[1] as $k=>$operator) {
					if (substr($expMatch[2][$k], 0, 1)==='=') {
						$assign = true;
						if ($operator === '=') {
							throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Invalid expression <em>'.$substr.'</em>, can not use "==" in expressions');
						}
						if ($curBlock !== 'root') {
							throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Invalid expression <em>'.$substr.'</em>, assignments can only be used in top level expressions like {$foo+=3} or {$foo="bar"}');
						}
						$operator .= '=';
						$expMatch[2][$k] = substr($expMatch[2][$k], 1);
					}

					if (substr($expMatch[2][$k], 0, 1)==='-' && strlen($expMatch[2][$k]) > 1) {
						$operator .= '-';
						$expMatch[2][$k] = substr($expMatch[2][$k], 1);
					}
					if (($operator==='+'||$operator==='-') && $expMatch[2][$k]===$operator) {
						$output = '('.$output.$operator.$operator.')';
						break;
					} elseif (substr($expMatch[2][$k], 0, 1) === '$') {
						$output = '('.$output.' '.$operator.' '.$this->parseVar($expMatch[2][$k], 0, strlen($expMatch[2][$k]), false, 'expression').')';
					} elseif (substr($expMatch[2][$k], 0, 1) === '%') {
						$output = '('.$output.' '.$operator.' '.$this->parseConst($expMatch[2][$k], 0, strlen($expMatch[2][$k]), false, 'expression').')';
					} elseif (!empty($expMatch[2][$k])) {
						$output = '('.$output.' '.$operator.' '.str_replace(',', '.', $expMatch[2][$k]).')';
					} else {
						throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Unfinished expression <em>'.$substr.'</em>, missing var or number after math operator');
					}
				}
			}

			if ($this->autoEscape === true) {
				$output = '(is_string($tmp='.$output.') ? htmlspecialchars($tmp, ENT_QUOTES, $this->charset) : $tmp)';
			}

			// handle modifiers
			if ($curBlock !== 'modifier' && $hasModifiers) {
				$ptr = 0;
				$output = $this->replaceModifiers(array(null, null, $output, $match[5]), 'var', $ptr);
				if ($pointer !== null) {
					$pointer += $ptr;
				}
				$matchedLength += $ptr;
			}

			if (is_array($parsingParams)) {
				$parsingParams[] = array($output, $key);
				return $parsingParams;
			} elseif ($curBlock === 'namedparam') {
				return array($output, $key);
			} elseif ($curBlock === 'string' || $curBlock === 'delimited_string') {
				return array($matchedLength, $output);
			} elseif ($curBlock === 'expression' || $curBlock === 'variable') {
				return $output;
			} elseif (isset($assign)) {
				return self::PHP_OPEN.$output.';'.self::PHP_CLOSE;
			} else {
				return $output;
			}
		} else {
			if ($curBlock === 'string' || $curBlock === 'delimited_string') {
				return array(0, '');
			} else {
				throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Invalid variable name <em>'.$substr.'</em>');
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * parses any number of chained method calls/property reads
	 *
	 * @param string $output the variable or whatever upon which the method are called
	 * @param string $methodCall method call source, starting at "->"
	 * @param string $curBlock the current parser-block being processed
	 * @param int $pointer a reference to a pointer that will be increased by the amount of characters parsed
	 * @return string parsed call(s)/read(s)
	 */
	protected function parseMethodCall($output, $methodCall, $curBlock, &$pointer)
	{
		$ptr = 0;
		$len = strlen($methodCall);

		while ($ptr < $len) {
			if (strpos($methodCall, '->', $ptr) === $ptr) {
				$ptr += 2;
			}

			if (in_array($methodCall[$ptr], array(';', '/', ' ', "\t", "\r", "\n", ')', '+', '*', '%', '=', '-', '|')) || substr($methodCall, $ptr, strlen($this->rd)) === $this->rd) {
				// break char found
				break;
			}

			if(!preg_match('/^([a-z0-9_]+)(\(.*?\))?/i', substr($methodCall, $ptr), $methMatch)) {
				throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Invalid method name : '.substr($methodCall, $ptr, 20));
			}

			if (empty($methMatch[2])) {
				// property
				if ($curBlock === 'root') {
					$output .= '->'.$methMatch[1];
				} else {
					$output = '(($tmp = '.$output.') ? $tmp->'.$methMatch[1].' : null)';
				}
				$ptr += strlen($methMatch[1]);
			} else {
				// method
				if (substr($methMatch[2], 0, 2) === '()') {
					$parsedCall = '->'.$methMatch[1].'()';
					$ptr += strlen($methMatch[1]) + 2;
				} else {
					$parsedCall = '->'.$this->parseFunction($methodCall, $ptr, strlen($methodCall), false, 'method', $ptr);
				}
				if ($curBlock === 'root') {
					$output .= $parsedCall;
				} else {
					$output = '(($tmp = '.$output.') ? $tmp'.$parsedCall.' : null)';
				}
			}
		}

		$pointer += $ptr;
		return $output;
	}

	/**
	 * parses a constant variable (a variable that doesn't contain another variable) and preprocesses it to save runtime processing time
	 *
	 * @param string $key the variable to parse
	 * @param string $curBlock the current parser-block being processed
	 * @return string parsed variable
	 */
	protected function parseVarKey($key, $curBlock)
	{
		if ($key === '') {
			return '$this->scope';
		}
		if (substr($key, 0, 1) === '.') {
			$key = 'dwoo'.$key;
		}
		if (preg_match('#dwoo\.(get|post|server|cookies|session|env|request)((?:\.[a-z0-9_-]+)+)#i', $key, $m)) {
			$global = strtoupper($m[1]);
			if ($global === 'COOKIES') {
				$global = 'COOKIE';
			}
			$key = '$_'.$global;
			foreach (explode('.', ltrim($m[2], '.')) as $part)
				$key .= '['.var_export($part, true).']';
			if ($curBlock === 'root') {
				$output = $key;
			} else {
				$output = '(isset('.$key.')?'.$key.':null)';
			}
		} elseif (preg_match('#dwoo\.const\.([a-z0-9_:]+)#i', $key, $m)) {
			return $this->parseConstKey($m[1], $curBlock);
		} elseif ($this->scope !== null) {
			if (strstr($key, '.') === false && strstr($key, '[') === false && strstr($key, '->') === false) {
				if ($key === 'dwoo') {
					$output = '$this->globals';
				} elseif ($key === '_root' || $key === '__') {
					$output = '$this->data';
				} elseif ($key === '_parent' || $key === '_') {
					$output = '$this->readParentVar(1)';
				} elseif ($key === '_key') {
					$output = '$tmp_key';
				} else {
					if ($curBlock === 'root') {
						$output = '$this->scope["'.$key.'"]';
					} else {
						$output = '(isset($this->scope["'.$key.'"]) ? $this->scope["'.$key.'"] : null)';
					}
				}
			} else {
				preg_match_all('#(\[|->|\.)?((?:[a-z0-9_]|-(?!>))+|(\\\?[\'"])[^\3]*?\3)\]?#i', $key, $m);

				$i = $m[2][0];
				if ($i === '_parent' || $i === '_') {
					$parentCnt = 0;

					while (true) {
						$parentCnt++;
						array_shift($m[2]);
						array_shift($m[1]);
						if (current($m[2]) === '_parent') {
							continue;
						}
						break;
					}

					$output = '$this->readParentVar('.$parentCnt.')';
				} else {
					if ($i === 'dwoo') {
						$output = '$this->globals';
						array_shift($m[2]);
						array_shift($m[1]);
					} elseif ($i === '_root' || $i === '__') {
						$output = '$this->data';
						array_shift($m[2]);
						array_shift($m[1]);
					} elseif ($i === '_key') {
						$output = '$tmp_key';
					} else {
						$output = '$this->scope';
					}

					while (count($m[1]) && $m[1][0] !== '->') {
						$m[2][0] = preg_replace('/(^\\\([\'"])|\\\([\'"])$)/x', '$2$3', $m[2][0]);
						if(substr($m[2][0], 0, 1) == '"' || substr($m[2][0], 0, 1) == "'") {
							$output .= '['.$m[2][0].']';
						} else {
							$output .= '["'.$m[2][0].'"]';
						}
						array_shift($m[2]);
						array_shift($m[1]);
					}

					if ($curBlock !== 'root') {
						$output = '(isset('.$output.') ? '.$output.':null)';
					}
				}

				if (count($m[2])) {
					unset($m[0]);
					$output = '$this->readVarInto('.str_replace("\n", '', var_export($m, true)).', '.$output.', '.($curBlock == 'root' ? 'false': 'true').')';
				}
			}
		} else {
			preg_match_all('#(\[|->|\.)?((?:[a-z0-9_]|-(?!>))+)\]?#i', $key, $m);
			unset($m[0]);
			$output = '$this->readVar('.str_replace("\n", '', var_export($m, true)).')';
		}

		return $output;
	}

	/**
	 * flattens a variable tree, this helps in parsing very complex variables such as $var.foo[$foo.bar->baz].baz,
	 * it computes the contents of the brackets first and works out from there
	 *
	 * @param array $tree the variable tree parsed by he parseVar() method that must be flattened
	 * @param bool $recursed leave that to false by default, it is only for internal use
	 * @return string flattened tree
	 */
	protected function flattenVarTree(array $tree, $recursed=false)
	{
		$out = $recursed ?  '".$this->readVarInto(' : '';
		foreach ($tree as $bit) {
			if (is_array($bit)) {
				$out.='.'.$this->flattenVarTree($bit, false);
			} else {
				$key = str_replace('"', '\\"', $bit);

				if (substr($key, 0, 1)==='$') {
					$out .= '".'.$this->parseVar($key, 0, strlen($key), false, 'variable').'."';
				} else {
					$cnt = substr_count($key, '$');

					if ($this->debug) echo 'PARSING SUBVARS IN : '.$key.'<br>';
					if ($cnt > 0) {
						while (--$cnt >= 0) {
							if (isset($last)) {
								$last = strrpos($key, '$', - (strlen($key) - $last + 1));
							} else {
								$last = strrpos($key, '$');
							}
							preg_match('#\$[a-z0-9_]+((?:(?:\.|->)(?:[a-z0-9_]+|(?R))|\[(?:[a-z0-9_]+|(?R))\]))*'.
									  '((?:(?:[+/*%-])(?:\$[a-z0-9.[\]>_:-]+(?:\([^)]*\))?|[0-9.,]*))*)#i', substr($key, $last), $submatch);

							$len = strlen($submatch[0]);
							$key = substr_replace(
								$key,
								preg_replace_callback(
									'#(\$[a-z0-9_]+((?:(?:\.|->)(?:[a-z0-9_]+|(?R))|\[(?:[a-z0-9_]+|(?R))\]))*)'.
									'((?:(?:[+/*%-])(?:\$[a-z0-9.[\]>_:-]+(?:\([^)]*\))?|[0-9.,]*))*)#i',
									array($this, 'replaceVarKeyHelper'), substr($key, $last, $len)
								),
								$last,
								$len
							);
							if ($this->debug) echo 'RECURSIVE VAR REPLACEMENT DONE : '.$key.'<br>';
						}
						unset($last);

						$out .= $key;
					} else {
						$out .= $key;
					}
				}
			}
		}
		$out .= $recursed ? ', true)."' : '';
		return $out;
	}

	/**
	 * helper function that parses a variable
	 *
	 * @param array $match the matched variable, array(1=>"string match")
	 * @return string parsed variable
	 */
	protected function replaceVarKeyHelper($match)
	{
		return '".'.$this->parseVar($match[0], 0, strlen($match[0]), false, 'variable').'."';
	}

	/**
	 * parses various constants, operators or non-quoted strings
	 *
	 * @param string $in the string within which we must parse something
	 * @param int $from the starting offset of the parsed area
	 * @param int $to the ending offset of the parsed area
	 * @param mixed $parsingParams must be an array if we are parsing a function or modifier's parameters, or false by default
	 * @param string $curBlock the current parser-block being processed
	 * @param mixed $pointer a reference to a pointer that will be increased by the amount of characters parsed, or null by default
	 * @return string parsed values
	 */
	protected function parseOthers($in, $from, $to, $parsingParams = false, $curBlock='', &$pointer = null)
	{
		$first = $in[$from];
		$substr = substr($in, $from, $to-$from);

		$end = strlen($substr);

		if ($curBlock === 'condition') {
			$breakChars = array('(', ')', ' ', '||', '&&', '|', '&', '>=', '<=', '===', '==', '=', '!==', '!=', '<<', '<', '>>', '>', '^', '~', ',', '+', '-', '*', '/', '%', '!', '?', ':', $this->rd, ';');
		} elseif ($curBlock === 'modifier') {
			$breakChars = array(' ', ',', ')', ':', '|', "\r", "\n", "\t", ";", $this->rd);
		} elseif ($curBlock === 'expression') {
			$breakChars = array('/', '%', '+', '-', '*', ' ', ',', ')', "\r", "\n", "\t", ";", $this->rd);
		} else {
			$breakChars = array(' ', ',', ')', "\r", "\n", "\t", ";", $this->rd);
		}

		$breaker = false;
		while (list($k,$char) = each($breakChars)) {
			$test = strpos($substr, $char);
			if ($test !== false && $test < $end) {
				$end = $test;
				$breaker = $k;
			}
		}

		if ($curBlock === 'condition') {
			if ($end === 0 && $breaker !== false) {
				$end = strlen($breakChars[$breaker]);
			}
		}

		if ($end !== false) {
			$substr = substr($substr, 0, $end);
		}

		if ($pointer !== null) {
			$pointer += strlen($substr);
		}

		$src = $substr;
		$substr = trim($substr);

		if (strtolower($substr) === 'false' || strtolower($substr) === 'no' || strtolower($substr) === 'off') {
			if ($this->debug) echo 'BOOLEAN(FALSE) PARSED<br />';
			$substr = 'false';
		} elseif (strtolower($substr) === 'true' || strtolower($substr) === 'yes' || strtolower($substr) === 'on') {
			if ($this->debug) echo 'BOOLEAN(TRUE) PARSED<br />';
			$substr = 'true';
		} elseif ($substr === 'null' || $substr === 'NULL') {
			if ($this->debug) echo 'NULL PARSED<br />';
			$substr = 'null';
		} elseif (is_numeric($substr)) {
			$substr = (float) $substr;
			if ((int) $substr == $substr) {
				$substr = (int) $substr;
			}
			if ($this->debug) echo 'NUMBER ('.$substr.') PARSED<br />';
		} elseif (preg_match('{^-?(\d+|\d*(\.\d+))\s*([/*%+-]\s*-?(\d+|\d*(\.\d+)))+$}', $substr)) {
			if ($this->debug) echo 'SIMPLE MATH PARSED<br />';
			$substr = '('.$substr.')';
		} elseif ($curBlock === 'condition' && array_search($substr, $breakChars, true) !== false) {
			if ($this->debug) echo 'BREAKCHAR ('.$substr.') PARSED<br />';
			//$substr = '"'.$substr.'"';
		} else {
			$substr = $this->replaceStringVars('\''.str_replace('\'', '\\\'', $substr).'\'', '\'', $curBlock);

			if ($this->debug) echo 'BLABBER ('.$substr.') CASTED AS STRING<br />';
		}

		if (is_array($parsingParams)) {
			$parsingParams[] = array($substr, $src);
			return $parsingParams;
		} elseif ($curBlock === 'namedparam') {
			return array($substr, $src);
		} elseif ($curBlock === 'expression') {
			return $substr;
		} else {
			throw new Exception('Something went wrong');
		}
	}

	/**
	 * replaces variables within a parsed string
	 *
	 * @param string $string the parsed string
	 * @param string $first the first character parsed in the string, which is the string delimiter (' or ")
	 * @param string $curBlock the current parser-block being processed
	 * @return string the original string with variables replaced
	 */
	protected function replaceStringVars($string, $first, $curBlock='')
	{
		$pos = 0;
		if ($this->debug) echo 'STRING VAR REPLACEMENT : '.$string.'<br>';
		// replace vars
		while (($pos = strpos($string, '$', $pos)) !== false) {
			$prev = substr($string, $pos-1, 1);
			if ($prev === '\\') {
				$pos++;
				continue;
			}

			$var = $this->parse($string, $pos, null, false, ($curBlock === 'modifier' ? 'modifier' : ($prev === '`' ? 'delimited_string':'string')));
			$len = $var[0];
			$var = $this->parse(str_replace('\\'.$first, $first, $string), $pos, null, false, ($curBlock === 'modifier' ? 'modifier' : ($prev === '`' ? 'delimited_string':'string')));

			if ($prev === '`' && substr($string, $pos+$len, 1) === '`') {
				$string = substr_replace($string, $first.'.'.$var[1].'.'.$first, $pos-1, $len+2);
			} else {
				$string = substr_replace($string, $first.'.'.$var[1].'.'.$first, $pos, $len);
			}
			$pos += strlen($var[1]) + 2;
			if ($this->debug) echo 'STRING VAR REPLACEMENT DONE : '.$string.'<br>';
		}

		// handle modifiers
		// TODO Obsolete?
		$string = preg_replace_callback('#("|\')\.(.+?)\.\1((?:\|(?:@?[a-z0-9_]+(?:(?::("|\').+?\4|:[^`]*))*))+)#i', array($this, 'replaceModifiers'), $string);

		// replace escaped dollar operators by unescaped ones if required
		if ($first==="'") {
			$string = str_replace('\\$', '$', $string);
		}

		return $string;
	}

	/**
	 * replaces the modifiers applied to a string or a variable
	 *
	 * @param array $m the regex matches that must be array(1=>"double or single quotes enclosing a string, when applicable", 2=>"the string or var", 3=>"the modifiers matched")
	 * @param string $curBlock the current parser-block being processed
	 * @return string the input enclosed with various function calls according to the modifiers found
	 */
	protected function replaceModifiers(array $m, $curBlock = null, &$pointer = null)
	{
		if ($this->debug) echo 'PARSING MODIFIERS : '.$m[3].'<br />';

		if ($pointer !== null) {
			$pointer += strlen($m[3]);
		}
		// remove first pipe
		$cmdstrsrc = substr($m[3], 1);
		// remove last quote if present
		if (substr($cmdstrsrc, -1, 1) === $m[1]) {
			$cmdstrsrc = substr($cmdstrsrc, 0, -1);
			$add = $m[1];
		}

		$output = $m[2];

		$continue = true;
		while (strlen($cmdstrsrc) > 0 && $continue) {
			if ($cmdstrsrc[0] === '|') {
				$cmdstrsrc = substr($cmdstrsrc, 1);
				continue;
			}
			if ($cmdstrsrc[0] === ' ' || $cmdstrsrc[0] === ';' || substr($cmdstrsrc, 0, strlen($this->rd)) === $this->rd) {
				if ($this->debug) echo 'MODIFIER PARSING ENDED, RIGHT DELIMITER or ";" FOUND<br/>';
				$continue = false;
				if ($pointer !== null) {
					$pointer -= strlen($cmdstrsrc);
				}
				break;
			}
			$cmdstr = $cmdstrsrc;
			$paramsep = ':';
			if (!preg_match('/^(@{0,2}[a-z][a-z0-9_]*)(:)?/i', $cmdstr, $match)) {
				throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Invalid modifier name, started with : '.substr($cmdstr, 0, 10));
			}
			$paramspos = !empty($match[2]) ? strlen($match[1]) : false;
			$func = $match[1];

			$state = 0;
			if ($paramspos === false) {
				$cmdstrsrc = substr($cmdstrsrc, strlen($func));
				$params = array();
				if ($this->debug) echo 'MODIFIER ('.$func.') CALLED WITH NO PARAMS<br/>';
			} else {
				$paramstr = substr($cmdstr, $paramspos+1);
				if (substr($paramstr, -1, 1) === $paramsep) {
					$paramstr = substr($paramstr, 0, -1);
				}

				$ptr = 0;
				$params = array();
				while ($ptr < strlen($paramstr)) {
					if ($this->debug) echo 'MODIFIER ('.$func.') START PARAM PARSING WITH POINTER AT '.$ptr.'<br/>';
					if ($this->debug) echo $paramstr.'--'.$ptr.'--'.strlen($paramstr).'--modifier<br/>';
					$params = $this->parse($paramstr, $ptr, strlen($paramstr), $params, 'modifier', $ptr);
					if ($this->debug) echo 'PARAM PARSED, POINTER AT '.$ptr.'<br/>';

					if ($ptr >= strlen($paramstr)) {
						if ($this->debug) echo 'PARAM PARSING ENDED, PARAM STRING CONSUMED<br/>';
						break;
					}

					if ($paramstr[$ptr] === ' ' || $paramstr[$ptr] === '|' || $paramstr[$ptr] === ';' || substr($paramstr, $ptr, strlen($this->rd)) === $this->rd) {
						if ($this->debug) echo 'PARAM PARSING ENDED, " ", "|", RIGHT DELIMITER or ";" FOUND, POINTER AT '.$ptr.'<br/>';
						if ($paramstr[$ptr] !== '|') {
							$continue = false;
							if ($pointer !== null) {
								$pointer -= strlen($paramstr) - $ptr;
							}
						}
						$ptr++;
						break;
					}
					if ($ptr < strlen($paramstr) && $paramstr[$ptr] === ':') {
						$ptr++;
					}
				}
				$cmdstrsrc = substr($cmdstrsrc, strlen($func)+1+$ptr);
				$paramstr = substr($paramstr, 0, $ptr);
				foreach ($params as $k=>$p) {
					if (is_array($p) && is_array($p[1])) {
						$state |= 2;
					} else {
						if (($state & 2) && preg_match('#^(["\'])(.+?)\1$#', $p[0], $m)) {
							$params[$k] = array($m[2], array('true', 'true'));
						} else {
							if ($state & 2) {
								throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'You can not use an unnamed parameter after a named one');
							}
							$state |= 1;
						}
					}
				}
			}

			// check if we must use array_map with this plugin or not
			$mapped = false;
			if (substr($func, 0, 1) === '@') {
				$func = substr($func, 1);
				$mapped = true;
			}

			$pluginType = $this->getPluginType($func);

			if ($state & 2) {
				array_unshift($params, array('value', array($output, $output)));
			} else {
				array_unshift($params, array($output, $output));
			}

			if ($pluginType & Dwoo::NATIVE_PLUGIN) {
				$params = $this->mapParams($params, null, $state);

				$params = $params['*'][0];

				$params = self::implode_r($params);

				if ($mapped) {
					$output = '$this->arrayMap(\''.$func.'\', array('.$params.'))';
				} else {
					$output = $func.'('.$params.')';
				}
			} elseif ($pluginType & Dwoo::PROXY_PLUGIN) {
				$params = $this->mapParams($params, $this->getDwoo()->getPluginProxy()->getCallback($func), $state);
				foreach ($params as &$p)
					$p = $p[0];
				$output = call_user_func(array($this->dwoo->getPluginProxy(), 'getCode'), $func, $params);
			} elseif ($pluginType & Dwoo::SMARTY_MODIFIER) {
				$params = $this->mapParams($params, null, $state);
				$params = $params['*'][0];

				$params = self::implode_r($params);

				if ($pluginType & Dwoo::CUSTOM_PLUGIN) {
					$callback = $this->customPlugins[$func]['callback'];
					if (is_array($callback)) {
						if (is_object($callback[0])) {
							$output = ($mapped ? '$this->arrayMap' : 'call_user_func_array').'(array($this->plugins[\''.$func.'\'][\'callback\'][0], \''.$callback[1].'\'), array('.$params.'))';
						} else {
							$output = ($mapped ? '$this->arrayMap' : 'call_user_func_array').'(array(\''.$callback[0].'\', \''.$callback[1].'\'), array('.$params.'))';
						}
					} elseif ($mapped) {
						$output = '$this->arrayMap(\''.$callback.'\', array('.$params.'))';
					} else {
						$output = $callback.'('.$params.')';
					}
				} elseif ($mapped) {
					$output = '$this->arrayMap(\'smarty_modifier_'.$func.'\', array('.$params.'))';
				} else {
					$output = 'smarty_modifier_'.$func.'('.$params.')';
				}
			} else {
				if ($pluginType & Dwoo::CUSTOM_PLUGIN) {
					$callback = $this->customPlugins[$func]['callback'];
					$pluginName = $callback;
				} else {
					$pluginName = 'Dwoo_Plugin_'.$func;

					if ($pluginType & Dwoo::CLASS_PLUGIN) {
						$callback = array($pluginName, ($pluginType & Dwoo::COMPILABLE_PLUGIN) ? 'compile' : 'process');
					} else {
						$callback = $pluginName . (($pluginType & Dwoo::COMPILABLE_PLUGIN) ? '_compile' : '');
					}
				}

				$params = $this->mapParams($params, $callback, $state);

				foreach ($params as &$p)
					$p = $p[0];

				if ($pluginType & Dwoo::FUNC_PLUGIN) {
					if ($pluginType & Dwoo::COMPILABLE_PLUGIN) {
						if ($mapped) {
							throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'The @ operator can not be used on compiled plugins.');
						}
						if ($pluginType & Dwoo::CUSTOM_PLUGIN) {
							$funcCompiler = $this->customPlugins[$func]['callback'];
						} else {
							$funcCompiler = 'Dwoo_Plugin_'.$func.'_compile';
						}
						array_unshift($params, $this);
						$output = call_user_func_array($funcCompiler, $params);
					} else {
						array_unshift($params, '$this');

						$params = self::implode_r($params);
						if ($mapped) {
							$output = '$this->arrayMap(\''.$pluginName.'\', array('.$params.'))';
						} else {
							$output = $pluginName.'('.$params.')';
						}
					}
				} else {
					if ($pluginType & Dwoo::COMPILABLE_PLUGIN) {
						if ($mapped) {
							throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'The @ operator can not be used on compiled plugins.');
						}
						if ($pluginType & Dwoo::CUSTOM_PLUGIN) {
							$callback = $this->customPlugins[$func]['callback'];
							if (!is_array($callback)) {
								if (!method_exists($callback, 'compile')) {
									throw new Dwoo_Exception('Custom plugin '.$func.' must implement the "compile" method to be compilable, or you should provide a full callback to the method to use');
								}
								if (($ref = new ReflectionMethod($callback, 'compile')) && $ref->isStatic()) {
									$funcCompiler = array($callback, 'compile');
								} else {
									$funcCompiler = array(new $callback, 'compile');
								}
							} else {
								$funcCompiler = $callback;
							}
						} else {
							$funcCompiler = array('Dwoo_Plugin_'.$func, 'compile');
							array_unshift($params, $this);
						}
						$output = call_user_func_array($funcCompiler, $params);
					} else {
						$params = self::implode_r($params);

						if ($pluginType & Dwoo::CUSTOM_PLUGIN) {
							if (is_object($callback[0])) {
								$output = ($mapped ? '$this->arrayMap' : 'call_user_func_array').'(array($this->plugins[\''.$func.'\'][\'callback\'][0], \''.$callback[1].'\'), array('.$params.'))';
							} else {
								$output = ($mapped ? '$this->arrayMap' : 'call_user_func_array').'(array(\''.$callback[0].'\', \''.$callback[1].'\'), array('.$params.'))';
							}
						} elseif ($mapped) {
							$output = '$this->arrayMap(array($this->getObjectPlugin(\'Dwoo_Plugin_'.$func.'\'), \'process\'), array('.$params.'))';
						} else {
							$output = '$this->classCall(\''.$func.'\', array('.$params.'))';
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}

		if ($curBlock === 'var' || $m[1] === null) {
			return $output;
		} elseif ($curBlock === 'string' || $curBlock === 'root') {
			return $m[1].'.'.$output.'.'.$m[1].(isset($add)?$add:null);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * recursively implodes an array in a similar manner as var_export() does but with some tweaks
	 * to handle pre-compiled values and the fact that we do not need to enclose everything with
	 * "array" and do not require top-level keys to be displayed
	 *
	 * @param array $params the array to implode
	 * @param bool $recursiveCall if set to true, the function outputs key names for the top level
	 * @return string the imploded array
	 */
	public static function implode_r(array $params, $recursiveCall = false)
	{
		$out = '';
		foreach ($params as $k=>$p) {
			if (is_array($p)) {
				$out2 = 'array(';
				foreach ($p as $k2=>$v)
					$out2 .= var_export($k2, true).' => '.(is_array($v) ? 'array('.self::implode_r($v, true).')' : $v).', ';
				$p = rtrim($out2, ', ').')';
			}
			if ($recursiveCall) {
				$out .= var_export($k, true).' => '.$p.', ';
			} else {
				$out .= $p.', ';
			}
		}
		return rtrim($out, ', ');
	}

	/**
	 * returns the plugin type of a plugin and adds it to the used plugins array if required
	 *
	 * @param string $name plugin name, as found in the template
	 * @return int type as a multi bit flag composed of the Dwoo plugin types constants
	 */
	protected function getPluginType($name)
	{
		$pluginType = -1;

		if (($this->securityPolicy === null && (function_exists($name) || strtolower($name) === 'isset' || strtolower($name) === 'empty')) ||
			($this->securityPolicy !== null && in_array(strtolower($name), $this->securityPolicy->getAllowedPhpFunctions()) !== false)) {
			$phpFunc = true;
		}

		while ($pluginType <= 0) {
			if (isset($this->templatePlugins[$name])) {
				$pluginType = Dwoo::TEMPLATE_PLUGIN | Dwoo::COMPILABLE_PLUGIN;
			} elseif (isset($this->customPlugins[$name])) {
				$pluginType = $this->customPlugins[$name]['type'] | Dwoo::CUSTOM_PLUGIN;
			} elseif (class_exists('Dwoo_Plugin_'.$name, false) !== false) {
				if (is_subclass_of('Dwoo_Plugin_'.$name, 'Dwoo_Block_Plugin')) {
					$pluginType = Dwoo::BLOCK_PLUGIN;
				} else {
					$pluginType = Dwoo::CLASS_PLUGIN;
				}
				$interfaces = class_implements('Dwoo_Plugin_'.$name, false);
				if (in_array('Dwoo_ICompilable', $interfaces) !== false || in_array('Dwoo_ICompilable_Block', $interfaces) !== false) {
					$pluginType |= Dwoo::COMPILABLE_PLUGIN;
				}
			} elseif (function_exists('Dwoo_Plugin_'.$name) !== false) {
				$pluginType = Dwoo::FUNC_PLUGIN;
			} elseif (function_exists('Dwoo_Plugin_'.$name.'_compile')) {
				$pluginType = Dwoo::FUNC_PLUGIN | Dwoo::COMPILABLE_PLUGIN;
			} elseif (function_exists('smarty_modifier_'.$name) !== false) {
				$pluginType = Dwoo::SMARTY_MODIFIER;
			} elseif (function_exists('smarty_function_'.$name) !== false) {
				$pluginType = Dwoo::SMARTY_FUNCTION;
			} elseif (function_exists('smarty_block_'.$name) !== false) {
				$pluginType = Dwoo::SMARTY_BLOCK;
			} else {
				if ($pluginType===-1) {
					try {
						$this->dwoo->getLoader()->loadPlugin($name, isset($phpFunc)===false);
					} catch (Exception $e) {
						if (isset($phpFunc)) {
							$pluginType = Dwoo::NATIVE_PLUGIN;
						} elseif (is_object($this->dwoo->getPluginProxy()) && $this->dwoo->getPluginProxy()->handles($name)) {
							$pluginType = Dwoo::PROXY_PLUGIN;
							break;
						} else {
							throw $e;
						}
					}
				} else {
					throw new Dwoo_Exception('Plugin "'.$name.'" could not be found');
				}
				$pluginType++;
			}
		}

		if (($pluginType & Dwoo::COMPILABLE_PLUGIN) === 0 && ($pluginType & Dwoo::NATIVE_PLUGIN) === 0 && ($pluginType & Dwoo::PROXY_PLUGIN) === 0) {
			$this->addUsedPlugin($name, $pluginType);
		}

		return $pluginType;
	}

	/**
	 * allows a plugin to load another one at compile time, this will also mark
	 * it as used by this template so it will be loaded at runtime (which can be
	 * useful for compiled plugins that rely on another plugin when their compiled
	 * code runs)
	 *
	 * @param string $name the plugin name
	 */
	public function loadPlugin($name) {
		$this->getPluginType($name);
	}

	/**
	 * runs htmlentities over the matched <?php ?> blocks when the security policy enforces that
	 *
	 * @param array $match matched php block
	 * @return string the htmlentities-converted string
	 */
	protected function phpTagEncodingHelper($match)
	{
		return htmlspecialchars($match[0]);
	}

	/**
	 * maps the parameters received from the template onto the parameters required by the given callback
	 *
	 * @param array $params the array of parameters
	 * @param callback $callback the function or method to reflect on to find out the required parameters
	 * @param int $callType the type of call in the template, 0 = no params, 1 = php-style call, 2 = named parameters call
	 * @param array $map the parameter map to use, if not provided it will be built from the callback
	 * @return array parameters sorted in the correct order with missing optional parameters filled
	 */
	protected function mapParams(array $params, $callback, $callType=2, $map = null)
	{
		if (!$map) {
			$map = $this->getParamMap($callback);
		}

		$paramlist = array();

		// transforms the parameter array from (x=>array('paramname'=>array(values))) to (paramname=>array(values))
		$ps = array();
		foreach ($params as $p) {
			if (is_array($p[1])) {
				$ps[$p[0]] = $p[1];
			} else {
				$ps[] = $p;
			}
		}

		// loops over the param map and assigns values from the template or default value for unset optional params
		while (list($k,$v) = each($map)) {
			if ($v[0] === '*') {
				// "rest" array parameter, fill every remaining params in it and then break
				if (count($ps) === 0) {
					if ($v[1]===false) {
						throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Rest argument missing for '.str_replace(array('Dwoo_Plugin_', '_compile'), '', (is_array($callback) ? $callback[0] : $callback)));
					} else {
						break;
					}
				}
				$tmp = array();
				$tmp2 = array();
				foreach ($ps as $i=>$p) {
					$tmp[$i] = $p[0];
					$tmp2[$i] = $p[1];
					unset($ps[$i]);
				}
				$paramlist[$v[0]] = array($tmp, $tmp2);
				unset($tmp, $tmp2, $i, $p);
				break;
			} elseif (isset($ps[$v[0]])) {
				// parameter is defined as named param
				$paramlist[$v[0]] = $ps[$v[0]];
				unset($ps[$v[0]]);
			} elseif (isset($ps[$k])) {
				// parameter is defined as ordered param
				$paramlist[$v[0]] = $ps[$k];
				unset($ps[$k]);
			} elseif ($v[1]===false) {
				// parameter is not defined and not optional, throw error
				if (is_array($callback)) {
					if (is_object($callback[0])) {
						$name = get_class($callback[0]) . '::' . $callback[1];
					} else {
						$name = $callback[0];
					}
				} else {
					$name = $callback;
				}

				throw new Dwoo_Compilation_Exception($this, 'Argument '.$k.'/'.$v[0].' missing for '.str_replace(array('Dwoo_Plugin_', '_compile'), '', $name));
			} elseif ($v[2]===null) {
				// enforce lowercased null if default value is null (php outputs NULL with var export)
				$paramlist[$v[0]] = array('null', null);
			} else {
				// outputs default value with var_export
				$paramlist[$v[0]] = array(var_export($v[2], true), $v[2]);
			}
		}

		if (count($ps)) {
			foreach ($ps as $i=>$p) {
				array_push($paramlist, $p);
			}
		}

		return $paramlist;
	}

	/**
	 * returns the parameter map of the given callback, it filters out entries typed as Dwoo and Dwoo_Compiler and turns the rest parameter into a "*"
	 *
	 * @param callback $callback the function/method to reflect on
	 * @return array processed parameter map
	 */
	protected function getParamMap($callback)
	{
		if (is_null($callback)) {
			return array(array('*', true));
		}
		if (is_array($callback)) {
			$ref = new ReflectionMethod($callback[0], $callback[1]);
		} else {
			$ref = new ReflectionFunction($callback);
		}

		$out = array();
		foreach ($ref->getParameters() as $param) {
			if (($class = $param->getClass()) !== null && $class->name === 'Dwoo') {
				continue;
			}
			if (($class = $param->getClass()) !== null && $class->name === 'Dwoo_Compiler') {
				continue;
			}
			if ($param->getName() === 'rest' && $param->isArray() === true) {
				$out[] = array('*', $param->isOptional(), null);
			}
			$out[] = array($param->getName(), $param->isOptional(), $param->isOptional() ? $param->getDefaultValue() : null);
		}

		return $out;
	}

	/**
	 * returns a default instance of this compiler, used by default by all Dwoo templates that do not have a
	 * specific compiler assigned and when you do not override the default compiler factory function
	 *
	 * @see Dwoo::setDefaultCompilerFactory()
	 * @return Dwoo_Compiler
	 */
	public static function compilerFactory()
	{
		if (self::$instance === null) {
			new self;
		}
		return self::$instance;
	}
}
